【摘要】 为评估常用消毒剂对猪致病性大肠杆菌的实际抗菌效果,选取在青海省流行的8种优势血清型致病性大肠杆菌菌株(O11、O60、O119、O137、O141、O144、O147和O149),采用微量肉汤稀释法系统测定了聚维酮碘(1:10～1:10 240)、癸甲溴铵(1:10～1:5 120)和苯扎溴铵(1:10～1:5 120)的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)与最小杀菌浓度(MBC),并测定不同作用时间(5、10、30 min及1、2 h)下3种消毒剂的MBC值以分析其杀菌动力学。结果显示:在抑菌能力方面,癸甲溴铵效果最强(MIC中位数1:1 280),聚维酮碘和苯扎溴铵次之(中位数1:320和1:640);在快速杀菌能力方面,聚维酮碘效能最高(对7/8菌株MBC达到1:2 560),癸甲溴铵次之(MBC中位数1:160),苯扎溴铵最弱(未检出MBC值)。O141血清型菌株对聚维酮碘和癸甲溴铵均表现出较强耐受性(10 min内MBC未能测出,1h后耐受表现消失)。统计分析表明:3种消毒剂的效果存在显著差异(P<0.01)。聚维酮碘具备快速广谱杀菌特性,适用于紧急消毒场景;癸甲溴铵抑菌能力强且作用持久,适合环境预消毒;苯扎溴铵效能最弱,不建议作为主要消毒剂使用。本研究提供了受控实验室条件下的基准数据,为后续开展有机物干扰试验及实际应用效果验证提供了参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to evaluate the performance of common disinfectants against porcine pathogenic Escherichia coli(E.coli),8 dominant serotypes(O11,O60,O119,O137,O141,O144,O147 and O149) prevalent in Qinghai Province were selected to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration(MB C) of povidone-iodine(1:10-1:10 240),didecy ldimethylammonium bromide(1:10-1:5 120)and benzalkonium bromide(1:10-1:5 120) by microbroth dilution,followed by determination of MBC values at different action durations(5,10,30 min,1 h and 2 h) to assess its bactericidal kinetics.The results showed that,for antibacterial activity,the strongest effect was exhibited by didecyldimethylammonium bromide(median MIC,1:1280),followed by povidone-iodine and benzalkonium bromide(median MICs of 1:320 and 1:640,respectively);and for rapid bactericidal capacity,the highest efficacy was achieved by povidone-iodine(MBC1:2 560 for 7/8 strains);didecyldimethylammonium bromide was ranked second(median MBC 1:160),while benzalkonium bromide came last(no MBC detected).Serotype O141 strain was found to present strong tolerance to both povidone-iodine and didecyldimethylammonium bromide(MBC undetectable within 10 min,tolerance phenotype disappeared after 1 hour).Statistical analysis showed that significant difference was identified among the three disinfectants(P<0.001).In conclusion,povidone-iodine was characterized by rapid and broad-spectrum bactericidal properties,making it suitable for emergency disinfection;didecyldimethylammonium bromide was effective for environmental pre-disinfection,benefiting from its strong and long-lasting bacteriostasis;but benzalkonium bromide was not recommended for use as a primary disinfectant due to its lowest performance.Baseline data under controlled laboratory conditions was provided in this study,serving as a reference for implementation and evaluation of subsequent organic interference te sts.更多还原