【摘要】 目的 探讨多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者临床和肠道菌群特征。方法 招募2019年7月—2021年4月于复旦大学附属妇产科医院就诊的90例PCOS患者和30例健康女性，收集两组临床资料，检测卵泡刺激素（FSH）、黄体生成素（LH）、雌二醇（E₂）、睾酮（T）及泌乳素（PRL）。采集两组粪便行肠道菌群多样性检测。比较两组临床和肠道菌群差异。结果 PCOS组体重（60.63±11.95）kg、体质指数（BMI）（23.10±4.16）kg/m²、腰围（82.86±13.30）cm、臀围（98.62±10.36）cm及腰臀比（0.84±0.07）均显著高于健康组（54.67±6.84）kg、（21.16±2.66）kg/m²、（76.41±7.10）cm、（94.96±4.37）cm、（0.80±0.05）,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;PCOS组LH（17.49±15.58）mIU/ml、LH/FSH（2.25±1.67）及T（0.77±0.23）ng/ml均显著高于健康组（5.00±2.11）mIU/ml、0.65±0.27、（0.42±0.11）ng/ml, PCOS组E₂（69.68±64.23）pg/ml高于健康组（39.30±19.02）pg/ml,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）,但两组E₂均在正常范围内。健康组α多样性指数中的PD whole tree、sobs指数明显高于PCOS组（P<0.05）。两组β多样性无差异。PCOS组粪便中，Bacteroides coprocola、Lachnoclostridium、Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum、Veillonella、Sutterella wadsworthensis、Megasphaera micronuciformis、Clostridium butyricum及Paraprevotella xylaniphila显著富集。结论 PCOS患者较健康女性肠道菌群α多样性下降，Bacteroides coprocola、Lachnoclostridium、Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum、Veillonella、Sutterella wadsworthensis、Megasphaera micronuciformis、Clostridium butyricum及Paraprevotella xylaniphila等菌显著富集，可能与PCOS的发病有关。后期是否能通过检测或调整这些菌群而达到协助诊疗PCOS值得深入研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the clinical and gut microbiota characteristics of PCOS patients. Methods Recruit 90 PCOS patients and 30 healthy women who visited the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, collect two groups of clinical data, and measure the serum levels of FSH, LH, E₂, T and PRL. Collect two groups of feces for testing the diversity of gut microbiota. Compare the differences in clinical and gut microbiota between two groups.Results The weight（60.63±11.95） kg, BMI（23.10±4.16） kg/m², WC（82.86±13.30） cm, HC（98.62±10.36） cm, and WHR（0.84±0.07） of the PCOS group were significantly higher than those of the healthy group（54.67±6.84 kg, 21.16±2.66 kg/m², 76.41±7.10 cm, 94.96±4.37 cm, 0.80±0.05, respectively）. The LH（17.49±15.58） mIU/ml, LH/FSH（2.25±1.67）, and T（0.77±0.23） ng/ml levels in the PCOS group were significantly higher than those in the healthy group（5.00±2.11 mIU/ml, 0.65±0.27, 0.42±0.11 ng/ml, respectively）, while the E₂ level in the PCOS group（69.68±64.23） pg/ml was higher than that in the healthy group（39.30±19.02） pg/ml（both P<0.05）, but the E₂ levels of both groups were normal. The PD whole Tree index and sobs index of ɑ diversity in the healthy group were significantly higher than those in the PCOS group（P<0.05）. There was no difference in β diversity between the two groups. In the fecal samples of PCOS patients, Bacteroides coprocola, Lachnoclostridium, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, Veillonella, Sutterella wadsworthensis, Megasphaera micronuciformis, Clostridium butyricum, and Paraprevotella xylaniphila were significantly enriched.Conclusion The α diversity of gut microbes in PCOS patients was decreased than that of the healthy women, and bacteria such as Bacterioides coprocola, Lachnoclostridium, Bifidobacterium pseudonumeratum, Veillonella, Sutterella wadsworthensis, Megasphaera micronuciformis, Clostridium butyricum and Paraprevotella xylaniphila were significantly enriched, which may be associated with the pathogenesis of PCOS. Whether these gut microbes can be detected or adjusted to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of PCOS is worthy of further study.更多还原