【摘要】 目的：氢润滑轴承是大型氢液化系统中氢透平膨胀机的关键部件。然而，氢气粘度极低，给轴承的运行稳定性带来了严峻挑战。为了应对这些挑战，本文对其进行了深入研究。创新点：1.建立了氢气静压轴承的三维计算流体力学（CFD）模型，分析获得氢气轴承的静动压效应特点；2.开展动态特性研究，模拟运行参数与结构参数对稳定性的影响。方法：1.采用三维CFD模型，研究氢气静压气体轴承（HAGB）的静态特性，并与氦气、空气轴承的性能进行对比（图4～6）;2.采用动网格方法研究了氢气静压气体轴承的运行参数与结构参数对其动态特性的影响，并通过耗散能与等效阻尼系数对动态稳定性进行评价（图7～10）。结论：1.氢气静压气体轴承主要在静压效应主导下工作，且由于氢气粘度低，其动压效应相对较弱。2.提高转速与供气压力、减小气膜间隙，均可提升等效阻尼系数。在所研究的结构中，当进气孔直径为0.2 mm时，氢气静压气体轴承的减振效果最优。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hydrogen-lubricated bearings are critical components of hydrogen turbo-expanders in large-scale hydrogen liquefaction systems. However, the low viscosity of hydrogen presents significant challenges to the bearing’s operational stability, and research on this topic remains limited. Therefore, we investigate the static characteristics of a hydrogen aerostatic gas bearing(HAGB) using a 3D computational fluid dynamics(CFD) model, comparing its performance with that of helium and air bearings. Our analysis reveals that the HAGB primarily operates under the influence of the hydrostatic effect, with its hydrodynamic effect being relatively weak due to hydrogen’s low viscosity. Moreover, the impact of the HAGB’s operational and structural parameters on its dynamic behavior is investigated. The dynamic stability is evaluated using the dissipated energy and the equivalent damping coefficient. The results indicate that the equivalent damping coefficient can be enhanced by increasing the rotational speed and supply pressure, as well as reducing the gas film clearance. Specifically, in the investigated configuration, the HAGB demonstrates optimal vibration damping when the inlet orifice diameter is 0.2 mm.更多还原