【摘要】 传统豆粕、鱼粉等蛋白质原料在资源、成本与环境方面面临多重挑战，这推动了家禽营养研究向可持续方向转型。本文系统梳理了昆虫蛋白、微藻和植物性非常规蛋白等新型替代蛋白原料的营养价值与功能特性，重点探讨了低蛋白日粮对禽类生产性能、肠道健康及免疫功能的影响。发现在氨基酸平衡的前提下，适度降低饲料中粗蛋白含量可维持机体正常生产性能与健康状态，同时有效减少氮排泄量并降低饲料成本，为家禽饲料的可持续发展与营养优化提供理论参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Traditional protein sources including soybean meal and fish meal face multiple challenges in terms of resources, costs, and environment, which has driven the transformation of studying poultry nutrition toward sustainability. This article systematically reviewed the nutritional value and functional properties of new alternative protein sources including insect protein, microalgae, and unconventional plant-based proteins, with a focus on exploring the effects of low-protein diets on the production performance, intestinal health, and immune function of poultry. It was found that moderately reducing the content of crude protein in feed under the premise of balancing amino acid can maintain the normal production performance and health condition of the body, while effectively reducing the excretion of nitrogen and lowering costs of feed. It will provide a theoretical reference for the sustainable development and the optimization of nutrition in feed for poultry.更多还原