【摘要】 目的 比较生姜联合昂丹司琼、艾灸联合昂丹司琼在腹腔镜下胆囊切除术后恶心呕吐的效果。方法 选取2023年4月至2024年12月于福建医科大学附属第二医院行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的234例患者，采用随机数字表法分为对照组(C组：单纯昂丹司琼组)、干预组1(T1组：生姜联合昂丹司琼组)、干预组2(T2组：艾灸联合昂丹司琼组)，每组78例(其中T1组其中1人因无法耐受生姜气味而脱落)。C组分别于术前6 h和麻醉恢复室清醒返回病房后遵医嘱予昂丹司琼8 mg口服，T1组在C组的基础上予生姜薄片咀嚼，T2组在C组的基础上予双侧内关穴、足三里穴艾灸。观察各组患者术后不同时间段恶心呕吐的发生率及严重程度。结果 3组恶心呕吐的发生率均随时间的延长而降低，组间两两比较干预组术后2 h恶心呕吐的发生率均低于C组(P<0.05)，术后6 h 3组差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。3组术后恶心呕吐分级差异有统计学意义，干预组患者未发生恶心呕吐(Ⅰ级)的比例较高，而C组患者中重度恶心呕吐(Ⅲ～Ⅳ级)发生率较高。结论 生姜联合昂丹司琼、艾灸联合昂丹司琼均能降低恶心呕吐的发生率并减轻其严重程度，在未来的研究中，可以进一步探索中西医结合的最佳方案，以期更有效地防治腹腔镜胆囊切除术后恶心呕吐，提高患者的术后舒适度。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective Comparing the efficacy of ginger combined with ondansetron versus moxibustion combined with ondansetron for postoperative nausea and vomiting following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods From April 2023 to December 2024,234 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University were enrolled.Using a random number table,they were divided into a control group(C group:ondansetron alone),intervention group 1(T1 group:ginger combined with ondansetron),intervention group 2(T2:moxibustion combined with ondansetron).Each group comprised 78 patients(one participant in T1 withdrew due to intolerance to ginger odor).Group C received 8 mg oral ondansetron as prescribed 6 hours preoperatively and upon regaining consciousness in the recovery room before returning to the ward.Group T1 additionally chewed ginger slices.Group T2 received moxibustion at bilateral Neiguan and Zusanli acupoints in addition to group C’s regimen.The incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV) at different time points were observed across groups.Results The incidence of nausea and vomiting decreased over time in all three groups.Pairwise comparisons revealed that the incidence of nausea and vomiting at 2 hours postoperatively was lower in the intervention groups than in the C group(P<0.05).After 6 hours postoperatively,there were no statistically significant differences among the three groups(P> 0.05).A statistically significant difference was found in PONV severity grades among the three groups,with the intervention groups having a higher proportion of grade I(no PONV) and the control group showing a higher incidence of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ.Conclusions Both ginger combined with ondansetron and moxibustion combined with ondansetron can reduce the incidence and severity of nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Future studies could further explore the optimal integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine regimen to more effectively prevent and treat postoperative nausea and vomiting,thereby improving patient comfort.更多还原