【摘要】 为解决异种镀锌钢薄板在激光焊接过程中因锌蒸气逸出导致的焊接飞溅问题，实验采用预留间隙法来促进锌蒸气逸出。为分析飞溅的形成机理，使用高速摄像设备观察焊接过程中的熔池变化和飞溅形成过程，同时结合对焊接过程中飞溅和锌蒸发量的定量分析，研究不同工艺参数对熔池和焊缝表面质量的影响。实验研究结果表明，熔池的大小呈周期性变化，飞溅随熔池振荡产生；焊接速度过快会导致飞溅增多，而增大预留间隙能有效地抑制飞溅；焊接速度和预留间隙之间存在着一定的匹配关系，随着焊接速度的提高，需要相应增大预留间隙以加快锌蒸气逸出，从而减少焊接飞溅。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to address the issue of welding spatter caused by zinc vapor during the laser welding process of dissimilar galvanized steel sheets, an experimental approach utilizing the reserved gap method was employed to facilitate the escape of zinc vapor. High-speed imaging equipment was utilized to observe the molten pool′s morphology during the welding process, enabling an understanding of its dynamic behavior and clarification of the mechanisms leading to spatter formation. Additionally, quantitative analysis of spatter and zinc evaporation during welding was conducted in conjunction with investigating how different process parameters affect both molten pool dynamics and weld surface quality. The experimental findings revealed that the size of the molten pool exhibits periodic variations, with spatter being generated as a result of this oscillation. It was observed that excessively high welding speeds led to increased spattering, while enlarging the reserved gap effectively suppressed spatter formation. Consequently, it was determined that there exists a specific correlation between welding speed and reserved gap dimensions; as welding speed increases, a corresponding increase in reserved gap size is necessary to expedite zinc vapor escape and thereby reduce welding spatter.更多还原