【摘要】 牙髓根尖周病是口腔常见疾病，主要病因是根管内多种细菌的混合感染。根管系统解剖结构复杂，临床常规使用的根管消毒药物（如氢氧化钙、次氯酸钠等）在多数情况下抗菌效果明确、安全性稳定，是根管治疗的基石。然而，面对复杂根管系统（如侧副根管内的顽固生物膜感染），部分药物在渗透性、长效作用等方面仍面临挑战。天然植物来源广泛，其活性成分如黄酮类、生物碱等可通过破坏细菌细胞膜、调节宿主免疫反应等多种机制发挥协同抗菌作用，被越来越多地应用于根管消毒领域。本文以剂型设计为主线，结合根管感染微环境的特性，系统梳理了天然植物成分在根管消毒中的应用，包括传统的冲洗液、糊剂、纳米材料等层面，并剖析不同剂型的设计思路、作用机制及优缺点，为相关药物的精准设计和临床转化提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Dental pulp and periapical diseases are common oral diseases, mainly caused by mixed infections of various bacteria in the root canal.The anatomic structure of the root canal system, and the root canal disinfection drugs routinely used in clinic, such as calcium hydroxide and sodium hypochlorite, have clear antibacterial effect and stable safety in most cases, which is the cornerstone of root canal therapy. Natural plants have a wide range of sources, and their active ingredients such as flavonoids and alkaloids can exert synergistic antibacterial effects through various mechanisms such as disrupting bacterial cell membranes and regulating host immune responses. Natural plants are increasingly being used in the field of root canal disinfection. This article focuses on the dosage form design and combines the characteristics of the root canal infection microenvironment to systematically review the application of natural plant ingredients in root canal disinfection, including traditional flushing solutions, pastes, molecules, nanomaterials, etc. In this study, we also analyzes the design ideas, mechanisms of action, advantages and disadvantages of different dosage forms of natural plant ingredients providing a theoretical basis for the precise design and clinical translation of related drugs.更多还原