【摘要】 磷矿石是磷资源的主要来源之一，其选矿技术直接关乎磷化工产业的效率与可持续发展前景。本研究在使用CiteSpace文献计量工具的基础上，以2015—2024年Web of Science核心数据库近十年的相关文献作为数据源，系统分析了当前磷矿选矿技术的发展趋势与研究热点，重点聚焦于选矿工艺、浮选药剂体系两大关键技术环节，同时简述了我国磷矿资源主要集中分布于云南、贵州、四川、湖北等南方省份的地域特点，及低品位磷矿由于其嵌布粒度细、共伴生矿物复杂导致的选矿难度大、成本高的开发瓶颈。本研究还梳理了正浮选、反浮选、两步浮选、擦洗脱泥、重介质分选及联合选矿等主流工艺的应用特性与浮选指标，分析了阳离子、阴离子、两性捕收剂，无机、有机抑制剂及调整剂的作用机理，研究进展与未来的研究方向。研究结果表明，浮选法仍然是现阶段磷矿提质增效的主要工艺，当前的选矿技术仍存在复杂矿难选、浮选选择性差、药剂依赖度高、能耗流程长等问题。随着国内外研究技术与产业需求的不断提高，未来磷矿选矿研究的核心将是高效、绿色、智能化浮选技术的协同创新与集成应用，通过多流程联合工艺、微细粒技术革新、绿色药剂适配、智能控制系统构建，以实现低品位磷矿资源的经济高效开发，推动磷化工产业绿色可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Phosphate ore is one of the main sources of phosphorus resources,and its beneficiation technology directly affects the efficiency and sustainable development prospects of the phosphorus chemical industry. Based on the CiteSpace bibliometric tool and using relevant literature from the Web of Science Core Collection database over the past decade(2015— 2024) as the data source,this study systematically analyzed the development trends and research hotspots in phosphate ore beneficiation technology,with a focus on two key technical aspects:beneficiation processes and flotation reagent systems. The study also briefly described the regional characteristics of China??s phosphate ore resources,which were mainly distributed in the southern provinces of Yunnan,Guizhou,Sichuan,and Hubei,as well as the development bottlenecks of low-grade phosphate ore,including difficulties in beneficiation and high costs due to fine dissemination particle size and complex associated minerals. This study further reviewed the application characteristics and flotation performance of mainstream processes such as direct flotation,reverse flotation,two-stage flotation,scrubbing and desliming,dense medium separation,and combined beneficiation methods. It analyzed the mechanisms,research progress,and future research directions of cationic,anionic,and amphoteric collectors,as well as inorganic and organic depressants and regulators. The results indicated that flotation remained the primary process for improving the grade and recovery of phosphate ore. Current beneficiation technologies still face challenges such as difficulty in processing complex ores,poor flotation selectivity,high reagent dependency,and long energy-intensive flowsheets. With continuous advancements in evolving research progress,and increasing industrial demand,the core direction of future phosphate ore beneficiation research will be the collaborative innovation and integrated application of efficient,green,and intelligent flotation technologies. Through the adoption of combined multi-stage processes,innovations in fine particle technology,development of environmentally friendly reagents,and construction of intelligent control systems,the goal is to achieve economically efficient development of low-grade phosphate ore resources and promote the green and sustainable development of the phosphorus chemical industry.更多还原