【摘要】 环形螺旋桨在推进效率与噪声控制方面的优势,已成为水下推进领域的研究热点。仿生学原理为螺旋桨噪声抑制提供了新颖的技术路径,但仿生结构在水下环形螺旋桨中的应用研究仍相对缺乏。为探究仿生锯齿结构对环形螺旋桨水动力噪声的影响机理,受猫头鹰翼缘锯齿的声学特性启发,文中基于环形螺旋桨参数化建模方法,设计了具有后缘锯齿特征的仿生变体。采用计算流体动力学与FW-H声类比理论,系统分析了不同锯齿尺寸下的螺旋桨流场特性及非空化噪声声场变化规律。研究结果表明:仿生锯齿结构对螺旋桨宽带噪声分量具有调制作用,在径向观测平面内可实现0.3～1.5 dB的降噪量;在桨叶叶尖与中段后方区域,降噪效果显著依赖于锯齿尺寸与工作转速,即高转速下噪声幅值明显降低,而低转速下特定区域噪声反而略有增加。文中研究阐明了仿生锯齿参数对噪声的影响规律,可为低噪声水下推进器的仿生设计提供理论依据与优化参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The toroidal propeller has emerged as a research hotspot in the field of underwater propulsion owing to its potential for enhancing propulsion efficiency and achieving effective noise control. Bionic principles offer a novel technical approach to noise reduction of propellers. However, the application research of bionic structures in underwater toroidal propellers is still relatively scarce. Therefore, this study aims to explore the mechanism of the influence of bionic serrated structures on the hydrodynamic noise of toroidal propellers. Inspired by the acoustic characteristics of owl wing-edge serrations and based on the parametric modeling method of a toroidal propeller, a bionic variant with trailing-edge serration features was designed.Based on computational fluid dynamics(CFD) and the FW-H acoustic analogy theory, the characteristics of the propeller flow field and the variation patterns of non-cavitation noise under different serration sizes were systematically analyzed. The research results show that the bionic serrated structure has a modulation effect on the broadband noise components of the propeller, achieving a noise reduction of 0.3～1.5 dB within the radial observation plane; in the area of the blade tip and the rear part of the middle section, the noise reduction effect is significantly dependent on the serration size and the operating speed. In other words, at high operating speeds, the noise amplitude is effectively reduced, while at low operating speeds, the noise in specific areas slightly increases. This study elucidates the influence of bionic serrated parameters on noise, providing a theoretical foundation and optimization direction for the bionic design of low-noise underwater propellers.更多还原