【摘要】 本文将2025年修订的《国家地震应急预案》（简称《预案》）与2012年旧版《预案》相比较，梳理分析新版《预案》相较原《预案》在核心机制方面的进步与创新，并在此基础上应用文本解构、定向比较分析、关键词编码的方法，基于“党建引领—体系重塑—功能复合”的三维框架，指出：一是把“党建引领”的工作原则由原来的只作为原则宣示上升为一整套制度性安排，在制度层面将党建引领嵌入指挥环节；二是应急指挥体系由原先的“临时协调”转变为“统一指挥”，从应急管理部演化出“常规化指挥中枢”，有效消除了职责分散的问题；三是形成以国家综合性消防救援队伍为主体、多种主体力量协同救援、智慧救援的新体制。同时，2025版《预案》把预案划分成“总纲引领、过程闭环、模块支撑”的系统化框架，在语言表达方面更加精准规范。结论指出，2025版《预案》是贯彻落实总体国家安全观和党的二十大以及党的二十届四中全会精神的又一重要举措，是我国地震应急管理体系从被动应对走向主动保护，从分散治理走向系统治理的一次迈向现代化水平的跨越，是统筹高质量发展与高水平安全强化制度保障的重要体现。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper compares the revised National Earthquake Emergency Response Plan(hereafter referred to as the Plan) of 2025 with the 2012 version, sorting out and analyzing the progress and innovations of the new Plan in terms of core mechanisms. Based on the methods of text dissection, targeted comparative analysis and keyword coding, and under the three-dimensional framework of "Party Building Leadership-System Restructuring-Functional Integration", it points out three key improvements: first, the working principle of "Party Building Leadership" has been upgraded from a mere declarative principle to a complete institutional arrangement, with Party Building Leadership embedded in the command links at the institutional level; second, the emergency command system has transformed from the original "temporary coordination" to "unified command", and a "regular command center" has been developed on the basis of the Ministry of Emergency Management, effectively addressing the problem of scattered responsibilities; third, a new rescue system has been formed, which takes the national comprehensive fire and rescue force as the main body, features collaborative rescue by multiple entities and adopts intelligent rescue methods. In addition, the 2025 version of the Plan has been structured into a systematic framework of "General Principles Guidance-Closed-loop Process-Modular Support", with more accurate and standardized linguistic expression. The conclusion states that the 2025 version of the Plan is another important measure to implement the overall national security concept and the guiding principles of the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC) and the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20 th Central Committee of the CPC. It marks a leap toward modernization for China’s earthquake emergency management system, which has shifted from passive response to proactive protection and from decentralized governance to systematic governance, and also stands as an important embodiment of strengthening institutional guarantees for coordinating high-quality development and high-level security.更多还原