【摘要】 我国羊肚菌人工栽培发展迅速，设施化栽培已成为提高生产稳定性、拓展适种区域及缓冲气候风险的重要路径。与普通大田栽培相比，羊肚菌设施化栽培的核心并非简单的“搭棚遮阴”，而是围绕低温季节出菇、土壤浅层菌丝活动、外源营养袋吸收、畦面湿度维持及病害风险控制，构建适宜的设施结构、环境调控装备与区域化管理模式。当前，我国羊肚菌设施化生产已形成简易遮阳棚、塑料大棚、日光温室、连栋温室及半智能设施等多种类型，但多数设施仍由蔬菜棚、简易拱棚或临时遮阳棚改造而来，在专用结构设计、畦面微环境监测、通风排湿、低成本装备及参数化调控体系等方面尚不完善。本文从设施农业研究视角出发，系统综述了我国羊肚菌设施化栽培的发展现状、设施类型、区域适应性、结构与装备体系、环境调控逻辑及面临的主要挑战，提出了应以畦面微环境为调控核心，以区域适应性设施结构为基础，以非粮型营养袋、土壤健康管理和轻简化装备为支撑的发展路径，以期为推动羊肚菌设施化栽培由经验型生产向工程化、标准化和数字化调控转变提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The artificial cultivation of morels has experienced rapid advancement in China, with facility-based cultivation emerging as a critical strategy to enhance production stability, broaden suitable cultivation regions, and mitigate climatic risks. Unlike traditional open-field methods, facility-based morel cultivation involves more than merely constructing shading structures; it necessitates the development of appropriate facility designs, environmental control systems, and region-specific management practices that address challenges such as low-temperature fruiting, limited mycelial activity in shallow soils, uptake of exogenous nutrient bags, maintenance of bed-surface humidity, and disease management. Currently, various facility types have been implemented in China, including simple shading sheds, plastic greenhouses, solar greenhouses, multi-span greenhouses, and semi-intelligent systems. Nonetheless, many of these facilities are adaptations of vegetable greenhouses, basic arch sheds, or provisional shading setups. There remains a notable deficiency in specialized structural designs, bed-surface microenvironment monitoring, ventilation and dehumidification technologies, cost-effective equipment, and parameterized control systems. From the perspective of facility agriculture, this review synthesizes the current development status, facility classifications, regional suitability, structural and equipment configurations, environmental control principles, and principal challenges associated with facility-based morel cultivation in China. Furthermore, it advocates for future advancements centered on regulating the bed-surface microenvironment, establishing regionally adaptive facility structures, and integrating non-grain nutrient bags, soil health management, and simplified equipment. Such measures aim to facilitate the transition of facility-based morel cultivation from experience-driven practices toward engineering-based, standardized, and digitalized control systems.更多还原