【摘要】 本文根据区块链技术中双重支付的实现过程,提出了一个两阶段服务的排队模型.结合真实背景,将恶意节点发布交易信息阶段定义为广播阶段执行基本服务;将诚实节点接收交易信息并形成区块阶段定义为区块生成阶段,提供可选服务并在此阶段执行清算服务.在系统稳定条件下,利用矩阵几何解法和谱展开法,得到该系统的平稳分布,并给出平均交易数量等性能指标的表达式.进一步通过数值分析讨论各参数对系统性能指标的影响,同时构建收益函数研究恶意节点的收益情况.根据数值分析结果和区块链实际情况提出预防双重支付的优化建议,为优化区块链系统提高安全性提供理论依据.更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper proposes a two-stage service queueing model based on the realization process of double-spending in blockchain technology. Combined with the real background, the stage of malicious nodes releasing transaction information is defined as the broadcasting stage to perform basic services;the stage of honest nodes receiving transaction information and forming blocks is defined as the block generation stage, providing optional services and performing clearing services in this stage. Under the stability condition of the system, the steady-state distribution of the system is obtained by using matrix geometric solution and spectral expansion method, and the expressions of the performance measures such as the average number of transactions are given. Then, the impact of each parameter on the system performance measures is discussed through numerical analysis, and the revenue function is constructed to study the profit of malicious nodes. According to the numerical analysis results and the actual situation of the blockchain, the optimization suggestions for preventing double-spending are proposed, which provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the blockchain system to improve security.更多还原