【摘要】 以宋代官修医典《太平圣惠方》所载明堂图为核心，探讨其历史定位、图像特征及医学价值。《太平圣惠方》明堂图虽仍属腧穴图发展阶段，但首次突破体表简单呈现，通过展示取穴体位与疾病状态，实现图文互证的功能革新。通过对比蓬左文库藏本、丹波影钞本及残钞本等版本，揭示了残钞本在图像精细度与细节还原上的优势。其《针经》卷12幅图以正、背、侧分组，但腧穴收录不全且排序无序；《明堂》卷36幅图则分为三类，包括取穴体位展示(如侧卧举臂取章门、俯卧取委中)、疾病状态关联(如中风七穴与肢体痿痹)及简单腧穴标注，体现了宋代绘画技艺与医学认知的初步结合。此类图像因后世重视经穴归经而逐渐式微，但其对取穴体位的动态呈现及对疾病治疗的意象表达，为针灸学史留存了独特研究范本，亦彰显出宋代医学文献在图像化表达上的开创性价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Focusing on the Mingtang Charts in Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang (《太平圣惠方》Formulas from Benevolent Sages Compiled during the Taiping Era),a Song Dynasty official medical compendium,the study explores their historical significances,pictorial characteristics and medical value.Although the Mingtang Charts in Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang remained in the acupoint-focused stage,they pioneered three-dimensional depictions of body postures for locating acupoints and diseaserelated clinical states,achieving a functional innovation of text-image corroboration.By comparing editions such as the Hosa Library manuscript,Tanba copied edition,and the incomplete handwritten manuscript,the study reveals the superiority of the incomplete manuscript in image precision and detail restoration.The twelve charts in Zhen Jing (《针经》Classic on acupuncture) volume (volume 99) are categorized into frontal,dorsal,and lateral groupsbut exhibit incomplete acupoint coverage and disordered sequencing.In contrast,the thirty-six charts in Ming Tang (《明堂》Acupuncture and moxibustion charts) volume (volume 100) are classified into three types:posture-based acupointdemonstration (e.g.,lateral lying with raised arms for Zhangmen[LR13],prone position for Weizhong[BL40]),disease state associations (e.g.,textual-visual correlations between “Seven Acupoints for Stroke” and limb paralysis),and simplified acupoint labeling,reflecting the integration of Song-era painting techniques and medical knowledge.Such images gradually declined due to later emphasis on meridian-based acupoint categorization,yet their dynamic portrayal of body postures and symbolic representation of disease treatment offer unique insights into the history of acupuncture.This underscores the pioneering value of Song Dynasty medical literature in visual documentation and its contribution to the evolution of medical iconography.更多还原