【摘要】 锌合金凭借其适中的降解速率、可控的力学性能以及固有的抗菌与成骨活性，成为极具潜力的新一代可降解植入材料。本文阐述了锌合金通过释放Zn²⁺实现抗菌作用，并借助免疫调节机制促进组织修复的多重生物学优势。结合作者课题组及同行近年来的研究工作，重点评述了Zn??Ag、Zn??Cu、Zn??Mg及Zn??Li等主要合金体系在抗菌性能、力学强度、降解行为及生物相容性方面的研究进展；展示了本课题组在Zn??Cu系合金开发中，通过多元合金化与先进加工工艺，在实现材料高强度、高塑性及可控降解方面取得的特色成果。进而探讨了通过组织调控、表面改性与结构设计等策略平衡抗菌活性与生物安全性的有效途径；展望了锌基材料在智能化设计、长期性能评价及临床转化等方面的未来研究方向，以期为高性能可降解抗菌锌合金的临床应用研发提供理论依据和创新思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Zinc alloys have emerged as highly promising candidates for a new generation of biodegrad??able implant materials, owing to their appropriate degradation rate, controllable mechanical proper??ties, and inherent antibacterial and osteogenic activities. This paper elucidates the multiple biological advantages of zinc alloys, including their antibacterial effects achieved through the release of Zn2+ and their ability to promote tissue repair via immunomodulatory mechanisms. Drawing upon recent re??search from the authors’ group and peers, this paper provides a focused review of the research prog??ress in major alloy systems, such as Zn-Ag, Zn-Cu, Zn-Mg, and Zn-Li, regarding their antibacterial performance, mechanical strength, degradation behavior, and biocompatibility. This paper also high??lights the distinctive achievements of our research group in developing Zn-Cu based alloys, where high strength, high ductility, and controllable degradation have been realized through multi-component al??loying and advanced processing techniques. Furthermore, effective strategies for balancing antibacte??rial activity with biosafety are discussed, including microstructural control, surface modification, and structural design. Future research directions for zinc-based materials are outlined, encompassing intelli??gent design, long-term performance evaluation, and clinical translation, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and innovative ideas for the research and development of high-performance biodegradable antibac??terial zinc alloys for clinical applications.更多还原