【摘要】 为了解安庆六白猪和长白猪群体遗传多样性、群体结构和选择差异，本研究基于基因组单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点信息，评估2个群体的多态性位点比（P_N）、观测杂合度（H_O）、期望杂合度（H_E）和次等位基因频率（MAF），并联合群体遗传分化指数(F_ST)和核苷酸多样性比值（θ_πratio）鉴定2个群体的选择差异。结果:安庆六白猪和长白猪的P_N分别为0.897 5和0.836 9,H_O分别为0.349 9和0.333 8,H_E分别为0.336 2和0.327 0,MAF分别为0.251 2和0.245 8，安庆六白猪的遗传多样性高于长白猪群体;系统发育树和主成分分析表明，2个品种群体遗传背景存在明显的群体分化;联合F_ST和θ_πratio选择信号分析结果，共筛选到540个选择区域，占基因组大小的0.104 1%，包含59个候选基因;通过基因功能富集分析，进一步筛选出利钠肽受体2（NPR2）、膜联蛋白A11（ANXA11）和核受体共激活因子6（NCOA6）基因可能与繁殖相关，肌球蛋白轻链9（MYL9）和蛋白O-岩藻糖基转移酶1（POFUT1）基因可能与肌肉生长发育相关，脂滴相关水解酶（LDAH）、羟酸氧化酶1（HAO1）、神经蛋白（NNAT）和肿瘤蛋白p53诱导核蛋白（TP53INP2）基因可能与脂肪沉积相关。本研究结果为安庆六白猪种质资源保护和开发利用奠定了理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to reveal the genetic diversity,population structure and selection differences between Anqing Six-end-white pig and Landrace pig populations,this study evaluated the proportion of polymorphic marker（P_N）,observed heterozygosity（H_O）,expected heterozygosity（H_E） and minor allele frequency（MAF） of the two populations based on the genomic SNP location information,and identified the selection differences between the two populations based on the methods of fixation index(F_ST) and nucleotide diversity ratios（θ_πratio）.The results showed that the P_Nof Anqing Six-end-white pigs and Landrace pigs were 0. 897 5 and 0. 836 9,their H_Owas 0. 349 9 and0. 333 8,their H_Ewas 0. 336 2 and 0. 327 0,and their MAF were 0. 251 2 and 0. 245 8,respectively. The genetic diversity of Anqing Sixend-white pigs was higher than that of Landrace pigs. The phylogenetic tree and PCA analysis indicated significant genetic differentiation between the two populations. Combining the results of F_STand θ_πratio selection signal analyses,a total of 540 selection regions were screened,accounting for 0. 104 1% of the porcine autosomal genome,including 59 candidate genes. Through gene function enrichment analysis,further screening showed that natriuretic peptide receptor 2（NPR2）,annexin A11（ANXA11）,and nuclear receptor coactivator 6（NCOA6） genes might be related to reproduction; myosin light chain 9（MYL9） and protein O-fucosyltransferase 1（POFUT1） genes might be related to muscle growth and development; lipid droplet associated hydrolase（LDAH）,hydroxy acid oxidase 1（HOA1）,neurotin（NNAT）,and tumor protein p53 inducible nuclear protein 2（TP53 INP2） might be related to fat deposition. This study provided a theoretical support for the protection of germplasm resources,development and utilization of Anqing Six-end-white pigs.更多还原