【摘要】 “酷嗜元人院本”的汤显祖在创作“临川四梦”时无疑受到元杂剧的深刻影响，仅从场上提示语在“临川四梦”中的演进这一侧面便可得到确证。《紫钗记》受到《紫箫记》的影响，前十出场上提示语“科”“介”还在混用。《南柯记》无论是对“吊场”“背介”一类场上提示语叙事功能的把握，还是思想深度，都远不及早它两年创作的《牡丹亭》。从场上提示语看《牡丹亭》的构作已相当娴熟，并不是“案头之曲”。仅有三十出的《邯郸记》则是“临川四梦”中叙事技巧运用最自如的，这从该剧场上提示语超强精准的叙事功能、明确清晰的导表演意识、卓越非凡的心理时空意识和悲天悯人的悲喜剧情结就可以得到佐证。其中，汤显祖精心设计的场上动作过程描述的连续性提示语，不期然地发展为一个闭环的有内在组织结构的“排场”，最引人瞩目，这充分说明汤公对传奇文体的理解达到了出神入化的审美境界。更多还原

【Abstract】 Deeply fond of Yuan zaju,Tang Xianzu was profoundly influenced by the form when creating “The Four Dreams of Linchuan”. This can be clearly confirmed by examining the evolution of stage directions in the four plays. Influenced by The Purple Flute,The Purple Hairpin still shows a mixed use of the stage direction terms ke(an action cue in Yuan zaju) and jie(an action cue in southern chuanqi) in its first ten scenes. In The Dream of Nanke,both the handling of the narrative functions of stage directions such as diaochang(a stage device in which one or two actors remain onstage after others exit) and beijie(an aside-like gesture or speech expressing a character’s inner thoughts),and the play’s depth of thought,fall far short of The Peony Pavilion,which was written two years earlier. From the perspective of stage directions,the dramaturgical construction of The Peony Pavilion is already highly mature,showing that it is by no means merely a closet drama. The Handan Dream,though consisting of only thirty scenes,displays the most effortless use of narrative technique among “the Four Dreams ”. This is evidenced by the exceptionally precise narrative function of its stage directions,its clear awareness of performance and acting,its remarkable consciousness of psychological time and space,and its compassionate tragicomic vision. Particularly noteworthy are Tang Xianzu ’s carefully designed continuous directions describing stage action processes,which unexpectedly develop into a closed,internally organized paichang(structured performance unit). This fully demonstrates that Tang ’s understanding of the chuanqi form had reached an extraordinary aesthetic height.更多还原