【摘要】 [目的]研究海马齿（Sesuvium portulacastrum）生态浮床在海水循环养殖尾水处理中的运用效果．[方法]建立一个以“沉淀池-植物净化池-曝气池-沙滤罐”等模块组合而成的S型跑道式海水循环养殖尾水处理系统，监测不同月份系统各模块水质指标的变化情况．[结果]该系统处理后水质稳定，各水质指标浓度低，溶解无机氮（DIN）组成以硝态氮（NO₃^--N）为主，有利于养殖鱼类健康生活和生长，实现水资源循环利用．海马齿植物净化池在整个水处理系统中发挥至关重要的作用，决定着系统的净化效能，其对养殖水体中化学耗氧量（COD）、亚硝态氮（NO₂^--N）、NO₃^--N、铵态氮（NH₄⁺-N）、DIN和活性磷酸盐(PO₄^3--P)的去除率分别为-9.2%～52.9%,7.4%～46.1%,4.0%～27.1%,33.7%～51.4%,19.9%～38.7%和3.7%～46.9%．[结论]海马齿生态浮床运用于海水循环养殖尾水处理系统是水产养殖低耗高产、绿色安全可持续发展的有益探索．更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]Significant environmental issues have arisen due to the growth of traditional aquaculture.Recirculating aquaculture systems（RAS）are a sustainable approach to fish farming that can help meet the world’s growing seafood demand.However,high material costs and complex maintenance requirements are impeding their widespread adoption.Sesuvium portulacastrum Linn.,recognized for its economic efficiency and simple management,is an ideal restoration plant for alleviating eutrophication problems in coastal mariculture areas.This study investigated the effectiveness of S.portulacastrumecological floating beds in treating wastewater from seawater recirculating aquaculture systems.[Methods]To achieve purification and recycling of aquaculture wastewater,an S-shaped racetrack style water treatment system was established,comprising modules such as a sedimentation pond,plant purification pond,aeration pond,and sand filter sump.Monthly inspections were carried out over a sixmonth period to verify the system’s efficiency.[Results]The results showed that environmental factors,including temperature,salinity,pH,and dissolved oxygen,were maintained stably with appropriate ranges within the system.Throughout the process,low concentrations of chemical oxygen demand（COD）,dissolved phosphorus,and nitrogen were maintained,with dissolved inorganic nitrogen（DIN）predominantly present as NO₃^--N to ensure the welfare of cultured organisms.The plant purification pond,featuring S.portulacastrum,played a crucial role in the entire water treatment process,significantly influencing its purification efficiency.The removal rates for COD,NO₂^--N,NO₃^--N,NH₄⁺-N,DIN and PO₄^3--P were in the ranges of-9.2% 52.9%,7.4% 46.1%,4.0% 27.1%,33.7% 51.4%,19.9% 38.7%,and 3.7% 46.9%,respectively.The denitrification process,mediated by microorganisms in the rhizosphere of these plants,emerged as the primary mechanism for nitrogen removal.This biologically driven process not only effectively mitigated nitrogen-induced eutrophication but also significantly improved the chemical composition of DIN,thereby creating a more favorable environment for the health and growth of fish species in aquaculture systems.[Conclusion]This study demonstrates that the integration of S.portulacastrumecological floating beds into RAS is an advantageous innovation for the sustainable development of cost-effective,high-yield,eco-friendly,and safe mariculture.With its recognized health benefits and medicinal properties,S.portulacastrumis emerging as a promising " marine vegetable" with significant development potential.Through further research and development,S.portulacastrumfloating beds are anticipated to become an integral part of sustainable agriculture and the utilization of marine resources in the future.更多还原