【摘要】 目的 探讨核医学内照射剂量估算软件之间结果差异的主要来源，并提出可用于跨中心比较与结果复现的规范化建议。方法 回顾性分析国际放射防护委员会（International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP）关于核医学诊疗内照射的相关医学研究文献，总结分析核医学诊疗内照射剂量评估差异产生的原因。结果 本综述将现有的软件分为参考体模范式软件和个体化分析范式软件两大类，从体模与源/靶区定义、物理/生理数据库版本、时间-活度曲线（time-activity curve, TAC）至时间积分活度（time-integrated activity, TIA）/时间积分活度系数（time-integrated activity coefficient, TIAC）的数据处理与积分规则、计算引擎与关键假设、输出指标定义、数据处理与可追溯性6个方面分析不同软件估算结果差异的来源及其影响，并提出可行的核医学内照射剂量估算参数披露建议。结论 建议核医学诊疗进行内照射剂量评估时披露计算相关参数信息，以提高研究的可解释性、可复现性和跨中心可比性，为临床应用与多中心合作提供更可靠的方法学基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the primary sources of discrepancies in results among internal dosimetry estimation software in nuclear medicine and to propose standardized recommendations for cross-center comparison and result reproducibility. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on relevant medical research literatures by the International Commission on Radiological Protection concerning internal dosimetry in nuclear medicine diagnosis and therapy. The causes of variability in internal dose assessment in nuclear medicine were summarized and analyzed. Results This review categorizes existing software into two paradigms: reference phantom-based software and individualized analysis-based software. The sources and impacts of discrepancies in estimation results among different software were analyzed from six aspects: phantom and source/target region definitions, versions of physical/physiological databases, data processing and integration rules from time-activity curve(TAC) to time-integrated activity(TIA)/time-integrated activity coefficient(TIAC), calculation engines and key assumptions, definitions of output metrics, and data processing and traceability. Feasible recommendations for parameter disclosure in nuclear medicine internal dosimetry estimation are proposed. Conclusion It is recommended to disclose relevant parameter information when performing internal dosimetry assessments in nuclear medicine to enhance the interpretability, reproducibility, and cross-center comparability of the research, thereby providing a more reliable methodological foundation for clinical applications and multicenter collaborations.更多还原