【摘要】 目的 探讨外卖骑手抑郁症状的潜在类别，并分析不同类别的影响因素。方法 采用整群随机方法，抽取成都市6家企业的外卖骑手，使用一般资料调查表、患者健康问卷和职业紧张测量核心量表进行调查，运用潜在剖面分析划分抑郁症状潜在类别，并通过无序多分类logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果 共纳入560名外卖骑手，外卖骑手抑郁症状分为无抑郁风险组(28.21%)、情绪抑郁低风险组(61.43%)和情绪抑郁高风险-认知抑郁中风险组(10.36%)。离异是情绪抑郁高风险-认知抑郁中风险的危险因素(OR=2.22,95%CI:1.58～3.12);本科及以上是情绪抑郁高风险-认知抑郁中风险的危险因素(OR=3.17,95%CI:2.70～3.71);长时间工作是抑郁的危险因素(OR=2.70,95%CI:2.17～3.36);社会支持是抑郁的保护因素(OR=0.83,95%CI:0.76～0.91)。结论 针对不同潜在类别制定及时有效的干预措施，以缓解外卖骑手抑郁情绪。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the latent categories of depressive symptoms among food delivery riders and analyze the influencing factors of different categories. Methods Participants were selected through cluster randomized sampling from six food delivery service providers in Chengdu. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ), and the Core Occupational Stress Scale. Latent profile analysis(LPA) was employed to classify depressive symptoms, and multinomial logistic regression was conducted to identify associated risk factors. Results Among the 560 food delivery riders, the depressive symptoms were divided into three latent categories: the no-depression-risk group(28.21%), the low-risk group of emotional depression(61.43%), and the high-risk group of emotional depression with medium-risk of cognitive depression(10.36%). Divorce was a risk factor for high-risk emotional depression-medium-risk cognitive depression(OR=2.22, 95%CI:1.58-3.12); undergraduate degree or above was a risk factor for high-risk emotional depression-medium-risk cognitive depression(OR=3.17, 95%CI:2.70-3.71); long working hours were a risk factor for depression(OR=2.70, 95%CI:2.17-3.36); and social support was a protective factor for depression(OR=0.83, 95%CI:0.76-0.91). Conclusion Timely and effective intervention measures should be formulated for different latent categories to relieve the depressive emotions of food delivery riders.更多还原