【摘要】 利用液相还原法，以（2-羟乙基）肼（HEH）为还原剂，系统探讨了其对Cu²⁺的还原沉淀行为及机理。通过调节HEH浓度、阴离子环境、反应温度及HEH溶液初始pH值，研究不同条件对HEH还原沉淀能力的影响规律。实验结果显示，HEH与Cu²⁺的摩尔比是决定还原沉淀效率的主要因素。随该摩尔比降低，体系还原能力显著衰减，产物由不规则单质Cu转变为形貌规整的球形Cu₂O颗粒。结合实验数据与产物表征结果，证实HEH还原Cu²⁺的核心机理为配位还原，该过程通过电子定向转移实现Cu²⁺向低价态转化；量子化学计算结果进一步表明，HEH分子中与羟乙基相连的N原子为电子转移的优先活性位点。更多还原

【Abstract】 The liquid-phase reduction method was adopted, using（2-hydroxyethyl）hydrazine（HEH） as the reducing agent.The reductive precipitation behavior and mechanism of Cu²⁺ by HEH were systematically investigated.The effects of HEH concentration, anion environment, reaction temperature, and initial pH on the reduction performance were studied.Results show that the molar ratio of HEH to Cu²⁺ is the key factor affecting the reduction efficiency.With the decrease of the molar ratio, the reduction ability weakens significantly, and the product transforms from irregular Cu to uniform spherical Cu₂O.Combined with experimental and characterization results, the reduction mechanism is verified as coordination reduction, where Cu²⁺ is reduced via directional electron transfer.Quantum chemical calculations further confirm that the N atom connected to the hydroxyethyl group in HEH is the main active site for electron transfer.更多还原