【摘要】 钙钛矿太阳电池具有轻便、成本低与弱光吸收性好的优点，在漂浮式光伏发电系统中具有良好的应用前景。为验证漂浮式钙钛矿光伏发电系统实际应用的可行性，以及此类光伏发电系统与水电站耦合后的特性。首先构建了光伏发电系统发电量数学模型与水光互补发电约束模型，然后将锦屏一级水电站与漂浮式钙钛矿光伏发电系统相结合形成水光互补发电系统，对该互补发电系统的耦合特性进行了分析，并对漂浮式钙钛矿光伏发电系统的经济性，以及采用该光伏发电系统后单位面积下的二氧化碳及大气污染物年减排量进行了评估。分析结果显示：1)在漂浮式钙钛矿光伏发电系统装机容量相同的前提下，水光互补发电系统的年发电量与光伏发电消纳率均随着外送通道容量的增加而增加。在相同外送通道容量下，水光互补发电系统的年发电量与光伏发电系统装机容量呈正相关，而光伏发电消纳率与光伏发电系统装机容量基本呈负相关。2)外送通道容量为4000 MW、光伏发电系统装机容量为2400 MW为最佳设计，既能保持较高的光伏发电消纳率，又能充分利用水电站的调节能力。此时，水光互补发电系统的年发电量较水电站单独发电时可提高约22%。3)考虑采用固定式光伏支架、装机容量为2400 MW的漂浮式钙钛矿光伏发电系统的初始投资成本和年运行成本后，其投资回收周期为7.61年，与传统漂浮式光伏发电系统的投资回收周期接近。4)采用装机容量为2400 MW的漂浮式钙钛矿光伏发电系统后，单位面积下的二氧化碳年减排量为87.26 kg/m~2，碳回收周期为1.53年，具有显著的节能减排效益。研究结果可为水光互补发电项目的实际应用提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Perovskite solar cells offer advantages such as lightweight,low cost,and excellent weak light absorption,making them highly promising for floating PV systems. To verify the feasibility of floating perovskite PV systems in practical applications and their characteristics when coupled with hydropower stations,this paper first establishes a mathematical model for PV power generation and a complementary power generation constraint model. It then integrates the Jinping No. 1 Hydropower Station with the floating perovskite PV system to form a complementary power generation system. The coupling characteristics of this system are analyzed,along with an assessment of the economic viability of the floating perovskite PV system and the annual reduction in carbon dioxide and atmospheric pollutants per unit area achieved by adopting this system. The analysis results show that: 1) Assuming the same installed capacity of the floating perovskite PV pewer generation system,the annual power generation capacity and PV power consumption rate of the hydro-PV complementary power generation system both increase with the increase of the external transmission channel capacity. Under the same external transmission channel capacity,the annual power generation capacity of the hydro-PV complementary power generation system is positively correlated with the installed capacity of the PV power generation system,while the PV power consumption rate is negatively correlated with the installed capacity of the PV power generation system. 2) The optimal design solution is an external transmission capacity of 4000 MW and PV power generation system installed capacity of 2400 MW,which can maintain a high PV power consumption rate while fully utilizing the regulation capability of the hydropower station. At this time,the annual power generation capacity of this hydro-PV complementary power generation system can be increased by about 22% compared to when the hydropower station generates electricity separately. 3) After considering the initial investment cost and annual operating cost of the floating perovskite PV power generation system with fixed PV brackets and installed capacity of 2400 MW,its investment payback period is 7.61 years,which is close to investment payback period of traditional floating PV power generation systems. 4) After adopting floating perovskite PV power generation system with installed capacity of 2400 MW,the annual CO₂ emission reduction per unit area is 87.26 kg/m²,and the carbon recovery cycle is 1.53 years,which has significant energy-saving and emission reduction benefits. The research results can provide reference for the practical application of hydroPV complementary power generation projects.更多还原