【摘要】 燃料电池和锌空电池凭借其绿色环保、高能量密度和原料储量丰富的特点得到广泛关注，但是它们阴极发生的氧还原反应动力学缓慢，自然条件下反应速率极慢，限制了整个体系的能量转换和输出效率。使用带负电的聚苯乙烯(PS)球为模板，盐酸多巴胺提供碳源和氮源，通过盐酸多巴胺自身的强黏附性在PS球外表面氧化自聚合，合成Co/PS@PDA的前驱体，调整钴和盐酸多巴胺的用量，最后经热处理获得中空结构氮掺杂炭负载钴的催化剂。结构表征和电化学测试结果表明，硝酸钴与盐酸多巴胺质量比为1:10,热处理温度为900℃时催化性能最佳，起始电位为0.976 V,半波电位为0.841 V,同时能够保持远超商业Pt/C的稳定性和甲醇耐受性。组装成可充电锌空电池，拥有很高的放电稳定性、更小的极化以及长达202 h的充放电循环稳定性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fuel cells and zinc-air batteries have been widely concerned because of their green, high-energy density and rich reserves of raw materials, but the oxygen reduction reaction in their cathodes is subject to slow kinetic control, and the reaction rate is extremely slow under natural conditions, which limits the energy conversion and output efficiency of the whole system.The Co/PS@PDA precursor was synthesized by oxidation and self-polymerization on the outer surface of PS spheres through the strong adhesion of dopamine hydrochloride itself, using a negatively charged PS sphere as the template.Here, dopamine hydrochloride provided carbon and nitrogen sources, and the dosage of cobalt and dopamine hydrochloride was adjusted.Finally, the hollow nitrogen doped carbon-supported cobalt catalyst was obtained by heat treatment.The results of structural characterization and electrochemical testing show that the catalytic performance is the best when the mass ratio of cobalt nitrate to dopamine hydrochloride is 1:10 and the heat treatment temperature is 900 ℃.The initial potential is 0.976 V and the half-wave potential is 0.841 V.At the same time, the stability and methanol tolerance are far higher than that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst.The assembled rechargeable zinc-air battery exhibits higher discharge stability than the device with leading commercial platinum-carbon catalyst, smaller polarization, and charge and discharge cycle stability of up to 202 h.更多还原