【摘要】 为了梳理全球生物甲烷研究的基本脉络与演化特征，揭示其发展过程中显现的结构性问题，助推中国生物甲烷产业规模化与高质量发展，采用CiteSpace可视化工具，基于Web of Science Core Collection数据库中2001—2025年发表的475篇文献，对生物甲烷领域的研究共同体结构、研究热点及时间演化趋势进行了可视化分析。研究结果表明：(1)生物甲烷研究呈现以欧洲国家为核心、多国参与的发展格局，高产作者数量有限，机构与作者层面的合作网络较为分散；(2)该领域研究主要围绕厌氧消化、沼气提质、生物甲烷应用、生命周期评估及多能协同等主题展开，研究内容由单一生产工艺逐步向系统集成与综合评价拓展；(3)在应用层面，生物甲烷研究经历了由发电供热等基础应用向交通燃料、并网利用及多能协同发展的阶段性演进，在技术层面，该领域研究由厌氧消化与初级提质优化延伸至提质效率提升、电转气耦合及系统集成等复杂路径；(4)随着研究热点向系统层面演化，中国生物甲烷产业发展的制约因素由单一技术瓶颈转向应用端、技术端与外部环境交织的结构性约束，并且在国内目前资源分散、基础设施分布不均衡及产业协同不足等情境下呈现放大效应。结论认为，生物甲烷研究已由技术可行性探索阶段进入系统优化与综合评估阶段，未来需重视技术路径、应用场景与外部环境之间的协同推进。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper aims to clarify the fundamental trajectory and evolutionary characteristics of global biomethane research, reveal the structural issues emerging during its development, thereby promoting the scaling up and high-quality development of China’s biomethane industry. Based on 475 articles published during 2001-2025 in the Web of Science Core Collection database, a visualized analysis was conducted for the research community structures, hotspots, and temporal evolution trends in the biomethane field by virtue of the CiteSpace visualized analysis tool. The following results are obtained.(i) Biomethane research exhibits a pattern of multinational participation represented by European countries, with a limited number of highly productive authors and relatively fragmented collaboration networks at both institutional and author levels.(ii) Biomethane research primarily focuses on anaerobic digestion, biogas upgrading, biomethane application, life cycle assessment, and multi-energy synergy, and involves a gradual expansion from single production process to system integration and comprehensive evaluation,(iii) In terms of application, the research has generally experienced a stage-wise evolution from basic utilization scenarios such as power generation and heating to transportation fuels, grid integration of energy, and multi-energy synergistic development; in terms of technology, the research has extended from anaerobic digestion and primary upgrading optimization to more complex pathways involving upgrading efficiency enhancement, power-to-gas coupling, and system integration.(iv) As research hotspots shift toward system-level perspectives, the constraints on China’s biomethane industry have transformed from single technical bottlenecks into intertwined structural limitations across application, technology, and external environment, which are further amplified under the domestic context due to dispersed resource distribution, uneven infrastructure deployment, and insufficient industrial coordination. It is concluded that the biomethane research has moved beyond the stage of technical feasibility exploration and entered a phase of system optimization and comprehensive assessment. Future efforts should focus on the coordinated advancement of technical pathways, application scenarios, and external environments.更多还原