【摘要】 丙烷脱氢反应器衬里在运行过程中出现的“沙化”现象严重制约了装置的长周期运转。通过X射线衍射、H₂程序升温还原、扫描透射电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱等表征手段对出现沙化的衬里进行分析，结果表明，沙化的原因是矾土衬里中形成了丝状炭。矾土中的杂质铁是导致丝状炭形成的主要原因。通过研究矾土在不同气氛中反应的质量增加现象，进一步明确反应气氛中氢气对丝状炭形成有促进作用。同时考察矾土在不同气氛、不同温度下的质量增加情况。结果表明，氢气与烷烃/烯烃共存时，丝状炭的生成温度大幅降低，且丙烯比丙烷更易在氧化铁表面裂解形成丝状炭。基于上述试验结果，初步确立了含铁矾土衬里的安全使用范围，为反应器衬里选材与工艺条件优化提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The ’pulverization’ phenomenon occurring in the propane dehydrogenation reactor lining during operation severely restricts the long-term operation of the unit. The pulverized lining was analyzed by characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction（XRD）,H₂ temperature-programmed reduction（H₂-TPR）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）. The results indicate that iron（Fe） present in the bauxite lining could catalyze the filamentous carbon formed from alkanes, which generates significant expansive stress within the lining, leading to its failure. By studying the weight gain behavior of bauxite under different atmospheres, the promoting effect of hydrogen in the reaction atmosphere on the formation of filamentous carbon was clarified. The weight gain of bauxite under different atmospheres and temperatures was also investigated. The results show that the temperature of filamentous carbon formed is reduced significantly when hydrogen coexists with propane/propylene, and propylene is more prone to cracking on the iron oxide surface to form filamentous carbon compared to propane. Based on the experimental results, a preliminary safe operating range for bauxite linings has been established, providing a reference for the selection of reactor lining materials and the optimization of process conditions.更多还原