【摘要】 老年睡眠障碍(SD)因其高患病率及与多种老年综合征的复杂共病关系，已成为重要的健康挑战。然而传统镇静催眠药物在老年SD人群中的应用存在显著局限性。本文从流行病学角度探究老年SD的相关影响因素，同时介绍老年SD在神经递质受体、褪黑素受体、蛋白酶受体、细胞因子方面的药物靶点研究进展。最后，本文提出未来需进一步依托基因检测与人工智能技术破解共病介导的靶点交叉作用难题，加速新型多靶点药物的临床转化，同时深化非药物与药物干预的协同机制，构建更契合老年人生理特征的SD精准防治体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sleep disorders(SD) have emerged as a significant health challenge in the elderly due to their high prevalence and complex comorbidity with various geriatric syndromes. However, the application of traditional sedative-hypnotic drugs in the population presents significant limitations. This paper explores the influencing factors of SD in the elderly from an epidemiological perspective, while also reviews research progress on drug targets for SD related to neurotransmitter receptors, melatonin receptors, protease receptors, and cytokines. Finally, it proposes that future research should further leverage genetic testing and artificial intelligence technologies to address comorbidity-mediated cross-interactions among drug targets, accelerate the clinical translation of novel multi-target drugs, deepen the understanding of synergistic mechanisms between non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions, and ultimately construct a more precise prevention and treatment system for SD that aligns with the physiological characteristics of the elderly.更多还原