【摘要】 为提高生物炭对废水中Cd²⁺的吸附性能和实现畜禽粪便的高值化利用，分别选取牛粪和采用K₂FeO₄改性的牛粪为原料，热解制备牛粪生物炭（CBC）和铁改性牛粪生物炭（FCBC）。通过理化性质、FTIR及XRD分析表征2种生物炭吸附Cd²⁺前后的结构特征和物相组成，并通过实验探明其对Cd²⁺的吸附行为与机理。结果表明：与CBC相比，FCBC表面含氧官能团（—OH和C=O）峰强明显增强，并出现Fe—O官能团；物相组成由CBC中以SiO₂为主转变为FCBC中以CaCO₃为主。FCBC对Cd²⁺的最大吸附量(112.60 mg·g^-1)约为CBC(25.13 mg·g^-1)的4.48倍，对Cd²⁺的吸附能力提高了348%。Elovich和Freundlich模型能较好地描述其动力学吸附和等温平衡吸附结果。FCBC对Cd²⁺的吸附过程表现为非均匀表面的多层化学吸附作用，其吸附机制以CdCO₃沉淀为主，还包括Cd²⁺与含氧官能团的络合作用以及形成Cd²⁺—π键等。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to improve the adsorption performance of biochar to Cd²⁺ in wastewater and realize the high-value utilization of livestock and poultry manure, cow manure and K₂FeO₄-modified cow manure were selected as raw materials to produce cow manure biochar（CBC） and iron-modified cow manure biochar（FCBC）. The physical and chemical properties, FTIR and XRD analysis were used to characterize the structure and phase composition of the two biochars before and after adsorption of Cd²⁺, and the adsorption behavior and mechanism of Cd²⁺ were investigated by experiments. The results showed that, compared with CBC, the peak strength of oxygen-containing functional groups（—OH and C=O） on the surface of FCBC was significantly enhanced, and Fe—O functional groups also appeared. In addition, in terms of phase composition, it was also found that SiO₂ existed in CBC but CaCO₃ appeared in FCBC. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cd²⁺ by FCBC(112.60 mg·g^-1) was about 4.48 times that of CBC(25.13 mg·g^-1), and the adsorption capacity of Cd²⁺was increased by 348%. The kinetic and isothermal equilibrium adsorption results were well described by Elovich and Freundlich models, respectively. The adsorption of Cd²⁺ by FCBC was characterized by multi-layer chemisorption on non-homogeneous surfaces. The adsorption mechanisms were mainly CdCO₃ precipitation, complexation of Cd²⁺ with oxygen-containing functional groups and formation of Cd²⁺—π bond.更多还原