【摘要】 针对某型叉车怠速时方向盘振动过大的问题，通过仿真与实验分析发现，系统模态频率与发动机二阶点火频率接近，是导致振动加剧的主要原因。基于“源-路径-接收者”理论，采用频率响应分析方法，提出在方向盘转向柱处加装动力吸振器的优化方案。仿真验证了方案的有效性，实车测试结果表明，优化后方向盘振动总量降低30.5%，有效解决了怠速工况下的方向盘振动问题。研究表明，结合模态识别与动力吸振器设计的综合减振方法，可为叉车类工程车辆的噪声、振动与声振粗糙度（NVH）优化提供有效技术路径。更多还原

【Abstract】 To address the excessive steering wheel vibration of a specific forklift during idle conditions, simulation and experimental analyses reveal that the proximity of the system’s modal frequency to the engine’s second-order ignition frequency is the primary cause of the intensified vibration. Based on the "source-path-receiver" theory and employing frequency response analysis, this study proposes an optimization scheme involving the installation of a dynamic vibration absorber on the steering column. The effectiveness of the scheme is verified through simulation, and real-vehicle test results demonstrate a 30.5% reduction in overall steering wheel vibration after optimization, effectively resolving the idle vibration issue. This research indicates that the comprehensive vibration reduction approach, which integrates modal identification with dynamic vibration absorber design, provides an effective technical pathway for the noise, vibration, and harshness(NVH) optimization of forklift-type engineering vehicles.更多还原