【摘要】 为突破天水市桃园传统栽培中品种单一、劳动力依赖度高、成本攀升等瓶颈,通过构建“良种+良法+良机”技术体系,筛选出7个适宜当地的桃优良品种,创新应用“宽行密植+行内覆盖+行间生草+Y字树形+长枝修剪”栽培模式,集成病虫害绿色防控、水肥一体化、小微农机具应用等技术。示范推广实践表明,该技术体系使桃树产量增产17.31%,商品果率提升11.5%,亩(667m~2)管理成本节支1 424.9元,节本率49.29%,同时减少化学农药使用30%以上。该项技术为西北干旱半干旱地区桃产业转型升级提供了可复制范式,也为乡村振兴提供了技术支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 To break through the bottlenecks in traditional peach orchard cultivation in Tianshui City,such as single variety,high labor dependence,and rising costs,this study established a technical system of “superior cultivars+good cultivation practices+suitable agricultural machinery”.Specifically,7 locally suitable superior peach cultivars were screened out;the cultivation model of “wide-row and dense-planting+in-row mulching+inter-row grass growing+Y-shaped tree structure+longbranch pruning” was innovatively applied;and technologies including green pest and disease control,integrated water and fertilizer management,and application of small and micro agricultural machinery were integrated.Demonstration and promotion practices show that this technical system has achieved the following results:the yield increased by 17.31%,the marketable fruit rate rose by 11.5 percentage points,the management cost was reduced by 1 424.9 yuan per 667m~2 with a cost reduction rate of 49.29%,and the use of chemical pesticides was cut by more than 30%.This technique not only provides a replicable model for the transformation and upgrading of the peach industry in the northwest arid areas of China,but also offers technical support for rural revitalization.更多还原