【摘要】 孟德尔豌豆杂交试验奠定了现代遗传学的基础，但其七对经典性状的分子机制长期不明。近年来，组学技术的突破使这些性状的基因被精确鉴定与解析。回顾了这些经典遗传性状分子机制的研究进展，旨在从分子层面为经典遗传学定律提供现代注解，也为“遗传”等内容的教学提供前沿素材。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mendel’s pea hybridization experiments laid the foundation for modern genetics, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying their seven classic traits remained unclear for a long time. In recent years, breakthroughs in omics technologies have enabled the precise identification and analysis of the genes responsible for these traits. This paper reviews the research progress on the molecular mechanisms of these classic genetic traits, aiming to provide a modern interpretation of the classical laws of genetics at the molecular level, as well as to offer vivid and cutting-edge materials for teaching topics such as “genetics”.更多还原