【摘要】 膝关节骨关节炎（knee osteoarthritis, KOA）作为一种严重影响公共卫生事业的疾病，已经引起各界研究人员的持续关注。在初期KOA时治疗软骨损伤能够有效延缓KOA的进展，延迟进行关节截骨和矫形术的时间，甚至能够避免截骨和置换手术。随着科技的进步，社会各界研究人员将关注点集中在生物材料治疗软骨损伤方面。生物材料在治疗软骨损伤方面发挥着多种重要作用，帮助软骨细胞抵抗剪切力和压力、营养软骨细胞，以及为间充质干细胞向软骨细胞的分化提供场所。本文从软骨结构、软骨损伤的分型及软骨损伤的治疗方式进行论述。在治疗部分，先简单介绍传统治疗方案，然后重点从生物支架材料和关节软骨再生的组织工程方法两方面重点论述了生物材料在治疗软骨损伤方面的应用。本文通过论述生物材料在膝关节软骨损伤方面的应用，以期为临床医师展现最新的治疗方案和今后治疗软骨损伤的发展方向，为临床医师治疗软骨损伤提供新的思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Knee osteoarthritis(KOA) is a serious disease that affects public health and has attracted continuous attention from researchers. KOA initially presents as cartilage injury, and treating this at an early stage can effectively delay the progression of KOA, postpone the need for joint osteotomy and orthopaedic surgery, and potentially avoid the need for osteotomy and replacement surgery altogether. With the advancement of science and technology, researchers from all walks of life have focused on the treatment of cartilage injury by biomaterials. Biomaterials play a number of important roles in the treatment of cartilage damage, helping chondrocytes resist shear and stress, nourishing chondrocytes, and providing a site for mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into chondrocytes. This article discusses the structure of cartilage, the types of cartilage injury and the treatment of cartilage injury. In the treatment part, the traditional treatment scheme was briefly introduced, and then the application of biomaterials in the treatment of cartilage injury was mainly discussed from two aspects: biological scaffold materials and tissue engineering methods of articular cartilage regeneration. The application of biomaterials to knee cartilage injury is discussed in order to present the latest treatment plans and future development directions to clinicians and to provide them with new ideas for treating cartilage injuries.更多还原