【摘要】 森林凋落物作为森林生态系统物质循环、能量流动和养分平衡的载体,是森林生态系统的重要组成部分。本研究以广西防城金花茶国家级自然保护区1 ha森林动态监测样地为研究对象,在其中布设了40个凋落物收集器,通过6年的连续监测,分析了该地区凋落物的组成、时空分布特征及驱动因素。结果表明:广西防城金花茶国家级自然保护区2019–2024年连续6年平均年凋落物量为7,506.38±766.94 kg/ha,年际波动明显。各组分所占比例大小依次为叶(60.24%)>枝(19.34%)>杂物(17.70%)>繁殖组织(2.72%)。凋落物总量及各组分凋落物量月动态变化规律相似,均呈三峰型,峰值分别出现在4月、8月和10月。凋落物收集器5 m邻域范围内,坡向、土壤温度、树木多样性和胸高断面积之和是该地区森林凋落物总量的主要驱动因素,且直接正向影响凋落物总量,而土壤养分通过胸高断面积之和间接影响凋落物总量。连续6年监测结果显示:广西防城金花茶国家级自然保护区凋落物量季节变化明显,生物、非生物和土壤因子共同影响着凋落物量的空间分布。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aims: Forest litterfall, serving as a vector for material cycling, energy flow, and nutrient balance within forest ecosystems, is a vital component of these systems. This study aims to investigate the seasonal dynamics of litterfall production and the drivers of its spatial distribution in the seasonal rainforest of Fangcheng, Guangxi. Methods: Utilizing a 1-ha forest dynamics plot in Guangxi Fangcheng Golden Camellia National Nature Reserve, as the study site, 40 litterfall collectors were deployed. Through 6 years of continuous monitoring data, we analyzed the region’s litterfall composition, spatiotemporal distribution characteristics, and influencing factors. Results: The results indicate that the average annual forest litterfall production over the six consecutive years(2019–2024) in Guangxi Fangcheng Golden Camellia National Nature Reserve was 7,506.38 ± 766.94 kg/ha, exhibiting significant interannual fluctuations. The proportion of each component was as follows: leaf(60.24%) > twig(19.34%) > debris(17.70%) > reproductive structures(2.72%). The monthly dynamics of total litterfall and each component showed similar patterns, all exhibiting a tri-modal distribution with peaks observed in April, August, and October. Within a 5 m neighborhood of the litterfall collectors, aspect, soil temperature, tree diversity, and sum of basal area were identified as the primary drivers of forest total litterfall production in this region. These factors exert a direct positive influence on the total litterfall production. In contrast, soil nutrients indirectly impact total litterfall production through their relationship with the sum of basal area. Conclusion: Continuous 6-year monitoring results reveal that forest litterfall production in Guangxi Fangcheng Golden Camellia National Nature Reserve undergoes pronounced seasonal variation, and that biotic factors, abiotic factors, and soil factors collectively influence the spatial distribution of litterfall.更多还原