【摘要】 食品相关纳米粒子（food-related nanoparticles,FNPs）是与食品工业和人类健康息息相关的纳米粒子，其进入生物环境中会自发地吸附蛋白质，形成蛋白冠（protein corona,PC）。PC的作用具有两面性：一方面，PC的形成可以赋予或者提高FNPs各方面性能。PC可以赋予FNPs检测性能，并能显著提高检测的灵敏度和可靠性，相比FNPs作为营养物质递送载体，PC具有独特的优势，同时，其还能使FNPs获得独特的抗菌性能。FNPs能与胃肠道中的消化酶形成消化酶冠，对活性物质起到缓释效果，还可以提高难消化蛋白的消化性，增强淀粉基质的酶抗性；而另一方面，PC的形成可能会带来不利影响。它可能会增强FNPs的细胞摄取、细胞毒性和细胞免疫反应，在某些情况下还会影响FNPs作为递送载体的递送效率，所以要对FNPs进行抗蛋白吸附。本文综述PC的形成和影响因素，并详细阐述PC在食品领域中的应用以及PC形成的抑制策略，以期推动PC和FNPs在食品中的应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Food-related nanoparticles(FNPs) are nanoparticles closely associated with the food industry and human health. Once entering biological environments, they spontaneously adsorb proteins to form a protein corona(PC). PC has double-edged sword functions. On the one hand, the formation of PC confers various properties on FNPs or enhance their properties. PC endows FNPs with detection capabilities, significantly improving the sensitivity and reliability compared with FNPs alone. As carriers for nutrient delivery, PC offers unique advantages. Additionally, it imparts FNPs with distinctive antibacterial properties. FNPs can form a corona with digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract, which allows sustained release of active substances, improves the digestibility of hard-to-digest proteins, and enhance the enzymatic resistance of starch-based matrices. On the other hand, the formation of PC may also cause adverse effects. It may increase the cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, and immune response of FNPs, and, in some cases, affect the delivery efficiency of FNPs as delivery carriers. Therefore, anti-protein adsorption strategies for FNPs are necessary. This review summarizes the formation and influencing factors of PC, elaborates on the applications of PC in the food field, as well as the strategies for inhibiting PC formation, with the aim of promoting the application of PC and FNPs in food.更多还原