【摘要】 无被害人犯罪非犯罪化的学界倡导是站在成年人的立场上提出的，忽视了未成年人保护的特别属性。法益保护、自由主义与刑法谦抑作为无被害人犯罪非犯罪化的三大理论根基，无法在涉未成年人时提供合理性解释。在无被害人犯罪中，应恪守未成年人法益保护的根本立场，依循最有利于未成年人原则的具体要求，推动涉未成年人无被害人犯罪行为的刑事规制进程。提高未成年人刑法保护的制度效能，应根据规制对象进行类型区分：未成年人实施无被害人犯罪行为的法律规制应秉持“教育为主，惩罚为辅”原则，贯彻“以教代罚”的具体应对路径；侵害未成年人的无被害人犯罪行为的法律规制应贯彻“最有利于未成年人原则”,坚持适度重刑化倾向，根据规制对象的具体特征，明确犯罪圈的划定范围与刑事制裁处遇方式。注重打击侵害未成年人犯罪行为的同时需要兼顾对受侵害未成年人的司法保护与司法救济，最终形成对未成年人保护的全面与多元治理格局。更多还原

【Abstract】 The academic advocacy for the decriminalization of crimes without victims is put forward from the perspective of adults, ignoring the special attributes of protecting minors. The three theoretical foundations of decriminalization—protection of legal interests, liberalism, and the principle of criminal law restraint—fail to provide a reasonable justification when it comes to cases involving minors. In crimes without victims, the fundamental stance should adhere to the protection of minors’ legal interests, following the specific requirements of the “best interests of minors” principle, and promoting the criminal regulation process for victimless crimes involving minors. To improve the effectiveness of legal protections for minors under criminal law, it is necessary to differentiate based on the nature of the regulated subjects. The legal regulation of crimes without victims committed by minors should adhere to the principle of “prioritizing education over punishment, ” implementing specific responses that prioritize educational approaches over punitive ones. In contrast, the legal regulation of crimes without victims that harm minors should implement the “best interests of minors” principle, maintaining a moderate inclination toward harsher penalties. This approach should clearly define the scope of the criminal circle and the corresponding criminal sanctions based on the specific characteristics of the regulated subjects. While emphasizing the need to combat crimes against minors, it is also crucial not to overlook the judicial protection and remedies for the affected minors. Ultimately, this will create a comprehensive and multifaceted governance framework for the protection of minors.更多还原