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我国非婚同居身份关系的规范不足与完善

Regulatory Inadequacies and Improvements Regarding Non-Marital Cohabitation Relationships in China

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【作者】 杨立新

【Author】 YANG Lixin;Law School,Tianjin University;Law School,Renmin University of China;

【机构】 天津大学法学院教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地中国人民大学民商事法律科学研究中心中国人民大学法学院

【摘要】 我国目前普遍存在非婚同居现象,《中华人民共和国民法典》对此却没有任何规范。司法解释对非婚同居有所规范,但只是对非婚同居所生子女的抚养和同居财产的分割规定了部分规则,对非婚同居当事人的身份地位和权利义务没有规定。建议立法和司法解释对非婚同居的规范不足进行补充完善。规范的主要内容是,将非婚同居分为登记同居和事实同居两类。对登记同居作出具体规定,同居关系应当由同居协议确定,经过政府确认,当事人的身份地位为伴侣,享有身份权,具体规定伴侣的权利义务和同居关系解除的具体方法。事实同居是当事人自愿形成的,不必作具体规定,但是同居生育的子女和同居财产关系,在解除同居关系时可参照登记同居的处理方法进行。

【Abstract】 Non-marital cohabitation is prevalent in China today, yet the Civil Code contains no provisions addressing it. Judicial interpretations offer some regulation, but they fail to define the status, rights, and obligations of cohabiting parties, establishing only partial rules concerning the support of children born to unmarried cohabiting couples and the division of cohabitation property. It is recommended that legislation and judicial interpretations supplement and improve the inadequate regulation of nonmarital cohabitation. Key regulatory content should include: categorizing non-marital cohabitation into registered cohabitation and de facto cohabitation; establishing specific provisions for registered cohabitation, whereby the cohabitation relationship is defined by a cohabitation agreement and confirmed by the government, granting the parties the status of partners with rights to status; detailing the rights and obligations of partners; and specifying methods for dissolving the cohabitation relationship. De facto cohabitation arises voluntarily without requiring formal registration. However, matters concerning children born during such cohabitation and the division of cohabitation property may be handled by reference to the procedures for registered cohabitation upon dissolution.

  • 【文献出处】 人权法学 ,Journal of Human Rights Law , 编辑部邮箱 ,2026年02期
  • 【分类号】D923.9
  • 【下载频次】98
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