【摘要】 婴幼儿配方奶粉中矿物质含量显著高于母乳中矿物质，但生物利用度却远低于母乳。研究发现，矿物质的存在形态与生物利用度密切相关，而有关母乳中矿物质形态研究很少。文章通过离心、溶剂萃取和酸沉淀等方式，分别获得母乳的脱脂乳、乳清蛋白、酪蛋白、低分子质量组分（Low molecular weight,LMW）(LMW<10 ku)、脂肪、甘油三酯和磷脂7个部分，用火焰原子吸收法检测母乳中7个部分的锌、铜、铁、锰、钾、钠和镁的含量。结果表明，母乳中大部分矿物质主要分布于脱脂乳中（60%～97%），且在LMW组分中含量较高，特别是锰、钠和镁在LMW中占比达57%～74%，而铜在蛋白组分中分布较高，达到45%。此外，母乳中锌、铁和钾元素在脂质中占比达32.55%～39.37%,3个元素在磷脂中占比分别达到19.15%、20.05%和26.24%。母乳中矿物质形态分布多元化，与婴配奶粉中差异较大，文章初步获得了母乳矿物质分布规律，为后续研究不同形态母乳矿物质生物利用率提供了科学数据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The content of minerals in infant formula is significantly higher than that in breast milk, but its bioavailability is much lower than that of breast milk. Studies found that the speciation of minerals is closely related to the bioavailability, while there are few studies on the speciation of minerals in breast milk. Therefore, this study used centrifugation, solvent extraction, and acid precipitation to obtain seven fractions of breast milk, namely skim milk, whey protein, casein, low-molecular-weight fraction(LMW < 10 ku), fat, triglycerides, and phospholipids. The contents of zinc, copper, iron, manganese, potassium, sodium, and magnesium in these seven fractions were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The results showed that most minerals in breast milk were mainly distributed in the skim milk fraction(60%–97%), with higher content in the LMW fraction, especially in manganese, sodium, and magnesium, which accounted for 57%–74% in the LMW fraction. Copper was predominantly distributed in the protein fraction, reaching 45%. Additionally, zinc, iron, and potassium in breast milk accounted for 32.55%–39.37% in the lipid fraction, with 19.15%, 20.05%, and 26.24% in the phospholipid fraction respectively. The distribution of mineral species in breast milk is diverse and significantly different from that in infant formula. This study preliminarily obtained the distribution patterns of minerals in breast milk providing scientific data for further research on the bioavailability of different mineral species in breast milk.更多还原