【摘要】 船舶在实际航行时，滚动轴承的故障样本量较少且获取困难，导致故障信号无法有效识别，针对3级和4级海况，提出一种模拟船舶牵连运动的滚动轴承故障信号分析方法。首先，其于建立的海浪模型及船舶动力学方程，通过仿真模拟获取牵连运动轨迹；其次，建立以该轨迹作为外部位移激励的轴承实验台动力学模型，并选取表征轴承性能的特征指标；最后，通过提取仿真样本的振动加速度信号特征指标，对牵连运动下的不同故障类型轴承进行振动特性分析。结果表明：利用海浪模型与船舶动力学仿真，可获取3级及4级海况下有效的牵连运动轨迹曲线；动力学模型中，内圈及保持架角的速度误差分别低于0.1%和1.4%;在牵连运动下，部分特征指标在幅值变化有助于识别轴承的故障类型，其中平均频率在外圈故障及滚动体故障下不同工况的差值分别达7.5%和6.7%,为有效特征指标选择与运行维护提供了理论支撑与实践参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The limited availability and difficulty in obtaining rolling bearing failure data from actual ship operations make it challenging to effectively identify failure signals. A method for analyzing rolling bearing failure signals that simulated transport motions was proposed for Sea States Ⅲ and Ⅳ. Firstly, based on the established wave model and ship dynamics equations, the trajectory of the transport motions was obtained through simulation of the transport motions. Then, a dynamic model of the bearing test bench was established, incorporating the trajectory as an external displacement excitation, and the feature indicators were selected. Finally, vibration characteristic analysis was conducted on different bearing failures under transport motions by extracting vibration acceleration signal featured indicators. The results indicate that effective trajectory curves of the ship′s transport motion can be obtained under Sea States Ⅲ and Ⅳ through wave model and ship dynamics simulations. The angular velocity errors of the inner ring and cage in the dynamic model are less than 0.1% and 1.4%, respectively. Under transport motions, changes in the amplitude of partial feature indicators facilitate the identification of bearing failure types. The average frequency differences under outer ring fault and rolling element fault are 7.5% and 6.7%, respectively, providing theoretical support and practical guidance for the selection of effective feature indicators and for operation and maintenance.更多还原