【摘要】 高速水力负载装置是大功率燃气轮机及蒸汽轮机性能测试的关键设备，其内部流动特性直接影响水力负载测量精度和使用寿命。为研究多孔转子式高速水力负载的非定常流动及空化特性，采用CFD数值模拟方法，基于SST k-ω湍流模型，对卡恩(KAHN)公司多孔转子式高速水力负载的内部流场进行了数值分析。基于转速为4 000和6 000 r/min两种典型工况，分析了转子内部流场速度分布、压力脉动特性及空化现象。结果表明：转子最外层孔隙内的流动是影响非定常流动特性的主要因素，其中动静干涉是诱发流动激励的关键；转子与排水环间的脉动压力受外侧多孔结构影响，其频域特征与轴频密切相关；空化现象主要发生在末端转子和中间转子最外层的过流孔中，空泡的发展和破灭会造成孔内流动的不稳定性。更多还原

【Abstract】 High-speed hydraulic dynamometer is the key equipment to measure the dynamic performance of high-power gas and steam turbines, with their internal flow characteristics directly influencing measurement accuracy and service life. To study the non-steady flow and cavitation properties of porous rotor-type high-speed hydraulic dynamometer, CFD numerical simulation method was employed based on the SST k-ω turbulence model to numerically analyze the internal flow field of KAHN Company′s porous rotor-type high-speed hydraulic dynamometer. The study was conducted at rotational speeds of 4 000 and 6 000 r/min under two typical operating conditions, analyzing velocity distribution, pressure fluctuations, and cavitation phenomena in the rotor inner flow field. The numerical simulation results show that the flow within the outermost rotor pores is the primary factor influencing unsteady flow behavior, with dynamic-static interference playing a key role in inducing flow excitation. The pulsating pressure between the rotor and the drainage ring is influenced by the porous structure on the rotor′s outer side, and its frequency domain characteristics are closely related to the shaft frequency. Moreover, cavitation mainly occurs in the outermost flow holes of the end rotor and the middle rotor, where the development and collapse of cavitation bubbles lead to flow instability in the holes.更多还原