【摘要】 为了提高对冰雹监测预警的能力，文章利用常规天气和“天衍”雷达等资料，采用天气学和雷达气象学原理与分析方法，对2025年早春发生在宜春市的两次冰雹天气过程雷达回波特征进行分析。结果表明：500 hPa高空槽、700 hPa急流、850 hPa切变线和冷空气等天气系统，以及大气层结具有“上冷下暖”的有利条件，是产生冰雹的主要天气系统；两次过程形成的冰雹均为黄豆大小(5～10 mm),出现在超级单体中；共同特征是回波核强度≥65 dBZ,垂直液态积分水含量VIL达到70 kg/m~2,垂直剖面60 dBZ以上顶高超过6 km,垂直廓线60 dBZ以上厚度超过5 km;冰雹常常伴随强雷电，但并非必然伴随短时强降水和雷暴大风。上述研究结果为宜春地区早春冰雹的雷达回波监测与预警提供依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to enhance the capability for hail monitoring and early warning, this study utilizes conventional meteorological data and "Tianyan" radar observations, applying synoptic and radar meteorological principles to analyze the radar echo characteristics of two hail events that occurred in Yichun City during early spring 2025.The results indicate that the primary synoptic systems responsible for the hail included a 500 hPa upper-level trough, 700 hPa jet stream, 850 hPa shear line, and cold air, supported by a favorable atmospheric stratification characterized by "cold aloft and warm below." The hailstones in both events were approximately soybean-sized(5-10 mm) and were embedded within supercell storms.Common characteristics identified included echo core intensities ≥65 dBZ,Vertical Integrated Liquid(VIL) values reaching 70 kg/m~2,echo tops above 60 dBZ exceeding 6 km in height, and a vertical thickness greater than 5 km for the 60 dBZ layer.Furthermore, the hail was frequently accompanied by strong lightning but was not necessarily associated with short-term heavy precipitation or thunderstorm gales.These findings provide a scientific basis for the radar monitoring and early warning of early spring hail in the Yichun region.更多还原