【摘要】 为改善行人胸部保护不足的现状，系统梳理了行人胸部损伤生物力学与测评工具的研究进展。阐述了行人胸部损伤机理，指出行人事故多为侧面撞击，胸部以推倒和倾倒两种损伤模式为主，介绍了钝性损伤为主的行人胸部损伤类型以及面向乘员工况的胸部主要损伤指标，并总结了现有胸部测评工具的特点及其应用于行人胸部测评的局限性。当前行人胸部损伤研究多借鉴乘员侧碰成果，斜碰撞响应、肩臂影响等未明确，儿童专项研究不足，测评工具适配性待提升，这为后续测评工具的开发与汽车安全设计提供了方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 To improve pedestrian chest protection, this paper systematically reviews research progress in biomechanics of pedestrian thoracic injuries and associated assessment tools. This study clarifies the biomechanical mechanisms of pedestrian thoracic injuries, indicating that most pedestrian crashes involve lateral impacts in which the thorax is injured primarily through push-down and fall-down modes. It introduces the thoracic injury types mainly caused by blunt force trauma and lists key injury criteria originally developed for occupants. It summarizes the features of the existing thoracic assessment tools and discusses their limitations when applied to pedestrians. Current research largely relies on findings from occupant side-impact studies. Consequently, oblique impact responses, shoulder-arm interaction effects, and pediatric-specific investigations remain inadequately addressed. The adaptability of assessment tools requires enhancement, and these findings provide direction for future tool development and automotive safety design.更多还原