【摘要】 农机装备在田间作业过程中持续产生机械振动，俘获其振动能量并实现农业机械自供电具有现实意义。针对振动能量收集装置应用中无法匹配外界激励或机械结构振动频率，能量收集效率低的问题，本文基于电磁感应和压电效应，采用双晶压电悬臂梁结构，设计了谐振频率可调的压电-电磁耦合振动能量收集装置，实现了谐振频率在14.8～31.0 Hz范围可调，拓宽了振动能量收集带宽。基于Hamilton原理，建立了机电耦合数学模型，分析了系统谐振频率调节机制。通过室内试验，研究了不同负载电阻、激振加速度、激励频率、磁距对发电性能的影响规律，确定了最优负载电阻配置和不同磁距下的谐振频率。利用EH2604型大功率拖拉机开展田间试验，研究了农田土壤路面下振动能量回收装置发电性能。结果表明，当悬臂梁压电片、电磁线圈、弯曲压电换能器最优负载电阻分别为850 kΩ、990Ω、300 kΩ和最优磁距为53 mm时，振动能量收集装置输出功率达到峰值。该装置在不同磁距和拖拉机车速下均能有效收集振动能量，输出功率随车速增加呈上升趋势，当磁距为38 mm、车速为12 km/h时，最大输出功率为25.97μW。研究结果为农业机械自供能系统开发提供了技术方案和参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Agricultural equipment in the field operation process continues to produce mechanical vibration, capture its vibration energy and realize agricultural machinery self-power supply is of practical significance. For the application of vibration energy harvesting device can’t match the external excitation or mechanical structure vibration frequency, energy harvesting efficiency is low, a resonance frequency adjustable piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling vibration energy harvesting device was designed, combining the use of bicrystalline piezoelectric cantilever beam structure, and the combination of electromagnetic induction and piezoelectric effect, to achieve the resonance frequency adjustable from 14.8 Hz to 31.0 Hz, and to broaden the bandwidth of the vibration energy harvesting. Based on Hamilton’s principle, an electromechanical coupling mathematical model was established, which revealed the regulation mechanism of the resonant frequency of the system. Through indoor experiments, the effects of different load resistances, excitation acceleration, excitation frequency, and magnetic distance on the power generation performance were investigated, and the optimal load resistance configurations and resonant frequencies under different magnetic distances were determined. Field tests were carried out by using EH2604 high power tractor to study the power generation performance of the vibration energy recovery device under the soil surface of farmland. The results showed that when the optimal load resistances for the cantilever piezoelectric patch, electromagnetic coil, and bending piezoelectric transducer were 850 kΩ, 990 Ω, and 300 kΩ, respectively, and the optimal magnetic distance was 53 mm, the vibration energy output power peaked. The device can effectively collect vibration energy under different magnetic distances and vehicle speeds, and the output power tended to increase with the increase of vehicle speed, and the magnetic distance was 38 mm, and the maximum output power was 25.97 μW at a vehicle speed of 12 km/h. The research result can provide technical solutions and ideas for the development of self-supply energy system of agricultural machinery for reference.更多还原