【摘要】 当前蔬菜认证基地农户不遵从认证标准的病虫害防治行为导致农药残留超标现象时有发生。宗族作为农村非正式组织的重要组成部分，在规范和约束农户行为方面发挥着重要作用。本文基于陕甘宁蔬菜认证基地农户调查数据，实证分析宗族对农户病虫害防治机会主义行为的影响。研究表明：宗族对农户病虫害防治行为影响形成“正向示范效应强化、负向示范效应弱化”的净约束效应，有助于减少农户的病虫害防治机会主义行为。机制分析表明，宗族发挥信任沟通、互助合作和社会规范功能，通过信息共享与行为模仿、互助合作与风险共担及声誉约束与心理压力三条路径影响农户病虫害防治机会主义行为。进一步证实，通过认证标准宣传、农残抽检等正式组织干预，有助于宗族信任沟通、互助合作和社会规范功能的正确发挥，可强化宗族对农户病虫害防治行为选择的正向示范效应。因此，应善用宗族自治能力治理农户病虫害防治机会主义行为，提高蔬菜质量安全水平以助推农业高质量发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Currently, some farmers’ failure to comply with the certification standards of pest and disease control behavior in certified vegetable areas leads to the phenomenon of pesticide residues exceeding the standard limits occurring from time to time.As one of the rural informal organizations, clan plays an important role in regulating and constraining the behavior of farmers.Based on the survey data of farmers in certified vegetable areas in Shaanxi, Gansu, and Ningxia, we empirically analyze the influence of clans on the opportunistic behavior of farmers violating pest and disease control regulation.The results are listed as follows.Firstly, the influence of clans on the opportunistic behavior of farmers forms a net constraint effect of positive demonstration effect reinforcement and negative demonstration effect weakening, which helps to reduce the degree of opportunistic behavior among farmers in pest and disease control.Secondly, the results showed that the clan influences farmers’ the opportunistic behavior through clan’s three functions of trust communication, mutual cooperation and social norms by enhancing information sharing and behavior learning imitation, mutual assistance and risk sharing, and reputation constraint and psychological pressure.Thirdly, further analysis confirmed that formal organizational interventions, such as promotion of certification standards and sampling inspection of pesticide residues, contribute to clan’s three functions of trust communication, interaction internalization and social norms.Therefore, formal organizational interventions can strengthen the positive demonstration effect of clans on the choice of pest and disease control.Based on empirical research, it is proposed that clan autonomy should be used to govern the pest and disease control behavior of farmers in order to improve the quality and safety level of vegetables and promote the high-quality development of agriculture.更多还原