【摘要】 协同治理理论为多元主体应急协作提供分析框架，研究基于福建省七支应急救援社会组织的田野调查，系统解构社会组织参与应急救援的三维障碍：物质层面受资金短缺、装备滞后与场地流动制约；制度层面存在政策断层与购买服务边界模糊；技术层面面临信息孤岛与响应迟滞。据此提出协同路径：物质维度建立基础保障加绩效激励双轨购买服务，支持培训、装备与保险；制度维度构建评估信用与激励监管闭环，将救援时效、满意度与政府购买挂钩，设置责任豁免条款；技术维度打造政社嵌入式信息平台，整合气象、交通等数据链实现精准研判。研究揭示社会组织从边缘补充转向制度协同的路径，为构建“政府主导—社会赋能—技术驱动”的现代化应急治理体系提供支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 The theory of collaborative governance provides an analytical framework for emergency cooperation among multiple stakeholders. This article is based on field research conducted on seven emergency rescue social organizations in Fujian Province, systematically deconstructing the three-dimensional barriers to social organizations′ participation in emergency rescue: on the material level, constraints arise from a shortage of funds, outdated equipment, and mobility issues with venues; on the institutional level, there are gaps in policies and blurred boundaries regarding service procurement; on the technical level, challenges include information silos and delayed responses. Accordingly, collaborative pathways are proposed: on the material dimension, establishing a dual-track purchasing service system combining basic support and performance incentives to support training, equipment, and insurance; on the institutional dimension, creating a closed loop for evaluation, credit, and regulatory incentives, linking rescue timeliness and satisfaction to government procurement, and setting up liability exemption clauses; on the technical dimension, developing an embedded information platform that integrates data chains from meteorology, transportation, and other sectors for precise assessment. The study reveals a path for social organizations to shift from marginal supplementation to institutional collaboration, supporting the construction of a modern emergency governance system led by the government, empowered by society, and driven by technology.更多还原