【摘要】 能量路由器（Energy Router,ER）作为智能配电网的关键设备，其优化配置对提升电网的运行效率、经济性和安全性至关重要。然而，现有研究较少考虑ER的选址与定容成本，并与柔性负荷需求响应相结合。因此，文章提出一种计及需求响应的主动配电网ER优化配置方法。首先，为兼顾主动配电网的全年运行特性与求解效率，采用改进K-means聚类算法构建多典型场景；其次，建立计及需求响应的ER选址定容双层规划模型，上层优化ER的选址与容量配置，以实现配电网综合成本最小化；下层考虑“削峰填谷”、网损和电压偏移进行多目标优化，以实现配电网的能量调度；最后，基于改进双层粒子群优化算法求解模型，并以IEEE 33节点系统进行仿真验证。结果表明，ER接入主动配电网中削峰填谷优化率提升9.19%，结合需求响应后优化至14.35%，在削峰填谷的同时，提高了配电网对可再生能源的消纳能力，减少了网损，并提升了电能质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Energy Router(ER) is a crucial component in smart distribution networks, and its optimal configuration is essential for enhancing the operational efficiency, economy, and security of the grid. However, existing research rarely considers both the location and sizing costs of the ER in conjunction with flexible load demand response. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimal configuration method for the energy router in active distribution networks, incorporating demand response. First, to balance the comprehensive operational cha-racteristics of the active distribution network throughout the year with computational efficiency, an improved K-means clustering algorithm is employed to construct multiple representative scenarios. Then, a bi-level programming model is established for ER location and sizing, considering demand response. The upper level optimizes the location and capacity configuration of the ER to minimize the overall cost of the distribution network. The lower level focuses on multi-objective optimization, including peak shaving, valley filling, network losses, and voltage deviations, to achieve energy scheduling within the distribution network. Finally, an improved bi-level particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed to solve the model. Simulation results based on the IEEE 33-node system demonstrate that the peak shaving and valley filling optimization rate after ER integration into the active distribution network is at least 9.19%, and it is improved to 14.35% when combined with demand response. Concurrently, the integration of the ER enhances the distribution network’s ability to absorb renewable energy, reduces network losses, and improves power quality.更多还原