【摘要】 科举制对明清云南文学的兴盛起到了重要的推动作用,尤其催生出数量庞大的科举题材诗歌。这些诗作主题鲜明、内容丰富,主要有以下几种类型:一是离别诗,赴试前送别诗多表达对赴试者才华的赞美、金榜题名的祝愿,而赴试者留别诗多表现对亲朋的不舍、对功名的展望,也有对前途的忧虑。试罢送别诗表达对及第者的祝贺、对落第者遭遇的同情,而留别诗既有落第的惆怅,也有表面的豁达。二是及第诗、落第诗,及第诗多抒发功成后的畅快心情,落第诗则倾吐失意的酸楚。三是弃举诗,既叙写冷观弊端后的离场,也有屡经挫折后的悄然抽身,都折射出文人对人生价值的反思与取舍。这些诗作丰富并拓展了云南诗词作品的情感维度与精神内涵。更多还原

【Abstract】 The imperial examination system played an important driving role in the prosperity of Yunnan’s literature in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and, what is more important, gave rise to a large number of poems which linked to the imperial examination system. The poems’ theme contents are plentiful. They mainly have such types as follows. The first are farewell poems. They contain accolades for candidates’ aptitudes, and wishes for their success in the imperial examination prior to their departure. Farewell poems by examination candidates express their reluctant mood for friends or relatives, aspiration for fame, and concern for officialdom. Following the imperial examination, farewell poems convey congratulations to its candidates who succeeded, and sympathies for those who failed. Farewell poems written by departing candidates not only express melancholy over failure, but also present superficial nonchalance for failure in the imperial examination. The second are poems about success in the imperial examination, and those about failure. Poems about success in the imperial examination express a joyous mood following success, and those about failure pour out the bitterness of frustration. The third are poems about abandoning the imperial examination. They narrate withdrawal after calm observation of drawbacks, and in addition depict quiet withdrawal after recurrent failure. All display literati’s reflection on and trade-offs of the value of life. These poems related to the imperial examination system have greatly expanded the emotional dimensions and connotations of Yunnan’s poetry.更多还原