【摘要】 以西南石灰性紫色土为对象，设置小麦（W，作为对照处理）、冬闲田（F）及绿肥作物（紫云英AS、豌豆P、黑麦草R）5种种植模式，采用静态箱-气相色谱法观测土壤温室气体（CO₂、N₂O、CH₄）排放通量.结果表明：绿肥种植下土壤CO₂排放通量先增后降，累积排放通量依次为R > W > AS > P > F，其中F、AS和P处理较W处理显著降低54.1%、43.4%和45.3%（P<0.05）, R处理和W处理差异不显著（P >0.05）；土壤CH₄累积排放通量整体呈现净吸收特征，依次为R > F > W > AS > P，各处理间差异不显著（P > 0.05）；土壤N₂O累积排放通量依次为W > R > P > AS > F；其中F处理较W处理显著降低77.6%, AS、P和R处理较W处理差异不显著；温室气体增温潜势（GWP）呈现W > R > AS > P > F变化特征，与W处理相比，P和F处理下GWP分别显著降低50.1%和75.6%（P<0.05）, AS和R处理较W处理差异不显著（P >0.05）.相关分析表明，土壤CO₂排放通量及累积通量与土壤温度呈极显著正相关（P<0.01），土壤湿度与N₂O排放通量显著正相关（P<0.05）.本研究结果表明冬季绿肥种植有利于抑制温室气体排放，尤其是AS和P处理，为调控西南石灰性紫色土温室气体排放提供理论依据.更多还原

【Abstract】 This study was conducted on calcareous purple soil in Southwest China,with five planting patterns established:wheat（W,as control）,winter fallow（F）,and green manure crops（Chinese milk vetch [AS],pea [P],and ryegrass [R]）. Soil greenhouse gas（CO₂,N₂O,and CH₄） emission fluxes were measured using the static chamber-gas chromatography method. The results showed that under green manure cultivation,soil CO₂ emission flux initially increased and then decreased,with cumulative emissions following the order of R > W > AS > P > F. Compared with the W treatment,the F,AS,and P treatments significantly reduced emissions by 54.1%,43.4%,and 45.3%,respectively（P < 0.05）,while no significant difference was observed between the R and W treatments（P > 0.05）. Soil CH₄ cumulative emission fluxes showed an overall net absorption characteristic,following the order of R > F > W > AS > P. Soil N₂O cumulative emission fluxes followed the order of W > R > P > AS > F,with the F treatment significantly reducing emissions by 77.6% compared with W;however,no significant differences were found between the AS,P,and R treatments and the W treatment. Global warming potential（GWP） followed the pattern of W > R > AS > P > F. Compared with the W treatment,GWP under the P and F treatments significantly decreased by 50.1% and 75.6%,respectively（P < 0.05）,while no significant differences were observed between the AS and R treatments and the W treatment（P > 0.05）. Correlation analysis indicated that soil CO₂ emission flux and cumulative flux were extremely significantly positively correlated with soil temperature（P < 0.01）,and soil moisture was significantly positively correlated with N₂O emission flux（P < 0.05）. This study demonstrates that winter green manure planting helps suppress greenhouse gas emissions,particularly in the AS and P treatments,providing a theoretical basis for regulating greenhouse gas emissions from calcareous purple soil in Southwest China.更多还原