【摘要】 尿路梗阻状态下产生的高压力会对尿路组织和细胞产生一定的损伤，持续的损伤会引起尿路纤维化，最终导致尿路功能丧失和严重的临床问题。近年来，一种新型机械敏感离子通道Piezo1在尿路纤维化中的作用逐渐受到关注。本综述系统总结了Piezo1在尿路纤维化中的相关机制：在上尿路纤维化中，Piezo1可通过钙-钙蛋白酶2-整合素β1-黏附蛋白通路、Piezo1-p38MAPK-转录辅激活因子Yes相关蛋白(YAP)等信号通路参与尿路纤维化；在下尿路纤维化中，Piezo1则通过YAP1和转化生长因子-β1/Smad通路介导膀胱纤维化，并可能通过蛋白激酶B/雷帕霉素靶蛋白信号通路参与前列腺癌相关的尿道梗阻。本文阐明了Piezo1在尿路纤维化中的重要作用，为开发靶向Piezo1的新型治疗药物提供了理论依据，未来研究可结合微流控器官芯片等新技术，进一步探索Piezo1在尿路纤维化中的精确调控机制，为临床治疗尿路狭窄疾病提供新思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 The high pressure generated from urinary tract obstruction can cause damage to the tissues and cells of the urinary tract. Persistent damage can induce urinary tract fibrosis, ultimately resulting in the loss of urinary tract function and severe clinical problems. In recent years, the role of a novel mechanosensitive ion channel in urinary tract fibrosis, Piezo1,has drawn due attention. This review systematically summarizes the mechanisms of Piezo1. In upper urinary tract fibrosis, Piezo1 participates in fibrotic process through the Calcium-Calpain2-integrin β1-adhesion protein pathway and Piezo1-p38MAPK-YAP signaling pathway. In lower urinary tract fibrosis, Piezo1 mediates bladder fibrosis via the YAP1 and TGF-β1/Smad pathways, and may contribute to prostate cancer-associated urethral obstruction through the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. This study elucidates the critical roles of Piezo1 in urinary tract fibrosis, providing a theoretical foundation for developing novel Piezo1-targeted therapeutic strategies. Future research can leverage advanced technologies such as microfluidic organ-on-a-chip system to explore the precise regulatory mechanisms of Piezo1,thus offering new insights for the clinical management of urinary stricture diseases.更多还原