【摘要】 电火花加工（EDM）是实现精密模具复杂型腔加工及精细特征成形的关键工艺，其核心是电极设计。推动电极设计向自动化、智能化方向发展，对提升模具制造效率、缩短工艺周期与降低综合成本具有重要意义。本文系统梳理了面向EDM的精密模具电极智能化设计技术研究现状，首先介绍了典型电极设计流程，然后从几何特征、加工仿真与深度学习三个角度综述了加工特征识别方法；接着分析了电极智能化设计技术，具体包括：电极的智能化建模、工艺补偿与加工仿真，以及电极设计与制造全流程集成。通过对现有理论与技术成果的综述分析，揭示了智能化设计对提升电极设计效率与质量的关键作用，最后总结了当前技术瓶颈并展望了未来的重点发展方向，旨在为相关领域的研究与应用提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Electrical Discharge Machining(EDM) is a key process for machining complex cavities and forming fine features in precision molds, with its core lying in the electrode. Promoting the development of electrode design towards automation and intelligence is significant for improving mold manufacturing efficiency, shortening the process cycle, and reducing comprehensive costs. This paper systematically reviews the research status of intelligent design technology for precision mold electrodes oriented to EDM. Firstly, the typical electrode design process is introduced. Then, the machining feature recognition methods from three perspectives: geometric features, machining simulation, and deep learning are summarized. Subsequently, the intelligent design technology of electrodes, specifically encompassing intelligent modeling of electrodes, process compensation and machining simulation, and the integration of the entire electrode design and manufacturing process is analyzed. Through the review and analysis of existing theoretical and technical achievements, the key role of intelligent design in improving the efficiency and quality of electrode design is revealed. Finally, the current technical bottlenecks and prospects for the key development directions in the future are summarized, aiming to provide references for research and applications in related fields.更多还原