【摘要】 长白山中蜂作为中华蜜蜂的优良地方蜂种，已被纳入《国家级畜禽品种资源保护名录》，在蜂产品生产和生态授粉领域具有重要价值。由于该蜂种实行闭锁繁育，且原则上禁止异地引种，长期饲养易引发近亲繁殖和品种退化问题，进而导致蜂群群势衰弱、生产效益降低。结合长白山区地理条件与野生资源优势，从蜂群优化途径、技术手段、基础条件等方面，系统阐述野生中蜂利用、自然分蜂王台培育、种源引进及营养杂交育种等针对性优化技术。同时，提出种质资源保护与良种繁育的相关建议，旨在为解决长白山中蜂改良难题、培育优质强群、推动中蜂产业健康发展提供技术支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Changbai Mountain bee, an excellent local ecotype of Apis cerana cerana, has been included in the National Catalog of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources and holds significant value for bee product production and ecological pollination. Due to the implementation of closed breeding and a general prohibition on introducing genetic material from other regions, long-term rearing is prone to cause inbreeding and varietal degeneration, leading to weakened colony strength and reduced production efficiency, Integrating the geographical conditions of the Changbai Mountain area and the advantages of wild bee resources, systematically expounds on targeted optimization techniques such as the utilization of wild Apis cerana cerana, the cultivation of queen cells for natural swarming, the introduction of genetic sources, and nutritional hybridization from the perspectives of optimization approaches, technical means, and foundational requirements. At the same time, it puts forward relevant suggestions for germplasm resource conservation and improved variety breeding, aiming to provide technical support for addressing the challenges in improving the Changbai Mountain bee, cultivating high-quality strong colonies, and promoting the healthy development of the Apis cerana cerana industry.更多还原