【摘要】 狄斯瓦螨（Varroa destructor）是危害西方蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）的体外寄生虫，蜂群遭受狄斯瓦螨侵染后，会出现个体发育畸形、哺育与采集能力衰减、蜂群群势持续衰退等问题，严重时可导致蜂群崩溃死亡。目前规模化养蜂生产多采用氟氯氰菊酯、蝇毒磷、双甲脒等化学杀螨剂进行防治，但长期使用已导致狄斯瓦螨产生抗药性、对蜜蜂造成毒副作用，并引发蜂产品中农药残留超标等问题。相较于化学杀螨剂，天然产物具有环境相容性好、对人畜安全性高、可自然降解、有害生物不易产生抗药性等优势，是传统化学杀螨剂的理想替代品。通过系统梳理近年来天然产物应用于狄斯瓦螨防控的相关研究进展，可为狄斯瓦螨的绿色防治药剂的研究和应用提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Varroa destructor is an ectoparasite that endangers Apis mellifera. Infestation of honeybee colonies by V. destructor causes morphological deformities in individual bees, impaired nursing and foraging capabilities, and continuous colony decline, and may even lead to colony collapse and mortality in severe cases. At present, chemical acaricides such as cyfluthrin, coumaphos and amitraz are widely applied in large-scale apiculture. Long-term application has resulted in mite resistance, toxic side effects on honeybees, and excessive pesticide residues in bee products. Compared with chemical acaricides, natural products feature favorable environmental compatibility, high safety to humans and animals, natural degradability and low risk of pest resistance, serving as ideal alternatives to conventional chemical pesticides. This paper systematically reviews recent research advances in the application of natural products against V. destructor, aiming to provide references for the research and utilization of green acaricides for mite control.更多还原