【摘要】 试验旨在探究抗生素替代饲料添加剂的应用效果，选取240只1日龄南丹瑶鸡随机分为8组，分别饲喂基础日粮（空白对照，CHE组）、含金霉素的基础日粮（抗生素对照，CKB组）及添加不同剂量中草药、发酵中草药、复合益生菌的基础日粮（LCP组、HCP组、LHM组、HHM组、LFHM组、HFHM组）。试验期21 d。结果显示，所有试验组鸡末重均显著高于CHE组和CKB组（P<0.05），且免疫器官指数、血清免疫因子等指标差异均不显著（P>0.05），维持免疫稳态。日粮中添加20 g/kg发酵中草药（HFHM组）可显著降低南丹瑶鸡盲肠放线菌门、Ruminococcus＿torques＿group相对丰度（P<0.05），提升厚壁菌门、乳杆菌属、柔嫩梭菌属相对丰度（P<0.05）。研究表明，高剂量复合益生菌促生长效果最优，低剂量复合益生菌抗氧化能力突出，高剂量发酵中草药调节肠道菌群效果最佳。中草药及其发酵产物、复合益生菌可替代抗生素应用于南丹瑶鸡养殖，兼顾生长促进与健康维护，为绿色养殖提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study aimed to investigate the application effects of antibiotic alternative feed additives. A total of 240 one-day-old Nandan Yao chickens were randomly divided into eight groups and fed either a basal diet(blank control, CHE group), a basal diet supplemented with chlortetracycline(antibiotic control, CKB group), or basal diets supplemented with different doses of Chinese herbal medicine, fermented Chinese herbal medicine, or compound probiotics(LCP, HCP, LHM, HHM, LFHM, HFHM groups). The trial lasted 21 days. The results showed that the final body weight of chickens in all treatment groups was significantly higher than that in the CHE and CKB groups(P<0.05), while no significant differences were observed in immune organ indices or serum immune factors among groups(P>0.05), indicating maintained immune homeostasis. Dietary supplementation with 20 g/kg fermented Chinese herbal medicine(HFHM group) significantly reduced the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Ruminococcus＿torques＿group in the cecum of Nandan Yao chickens(P<0.05), and increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium(P<0.05). The study indicates that high-dose compound probiotics have the best growth-promoting effect, low-dose compound probiotics exhibit outstanding antioxidant capacity, and high-dose fermented Chinese herbal medicine shows the best regulatory effect on intestinal microbiota. Chinese herbal medicine and its fermented products, as well as compound probiotics, can serve as antibiotic alternatives in the breeding of Nandan Yao chickens, balancing growth promotion and health maintenance, thereby providing a reference for green farming practices.更多还原